1. TYLER Curriculum Model
Professor Timothy Burry

2. OBJECTIVES Explore the evolution of the Tyler Curriculum Model
Describe the model and its major components
Define the primary terms that are used
Discuss the primary strengths and drawbacks of the model
Describe how this model can be applied in (nursing) education

3. EVOLUTION OF THE MODEL
Click the link below for a brief history of the evolution of the Tyler model:

4. MAJOR COMPONENTS
The Tyler Model is often referred to as the ‘objective model’ because of it’s objective or unbiased approach to educational evaluation
It emphasizes consistency among objectives, learning experiences, and outcomes
Curriculum objectives indicate both behavior to be developed and area of content to be applied (Keating, 2006)

5. MAJOR COMPONENTS
Tyler stated his curriculum logic in terms of four questions which must be answered in developing any curriculum and plan of instruction:
I. E, What educational purposes should the school seek to attain?

6. MAJOR COMPONENTS (CONT.)
What educational experiences can be provided that are likely to attain these purposes?
How can these educational experiences be effectively organized?
How can we determine whether these purposes are being achieved?

7. MAJOR COMPONENTS
These questions can be turned into a four step process
Stating Objectives
Selecting Learning Experiences
Organizing Learning Experiences
Evaluating the Curriculum

8. Tyler’s Four Principles of Teaching
Principle 1: Defining Appropriate Learning Objectives

9. Tyler’s Teaching Principles cont’d
Principle 2: Establishing Useful Learning Experiences

10. Tyler’s Teaching Principles cont’d
Principle 3: Organizing Learning Experiences to Have a Maximum Cumulative Effect

11. Tyler’s Teaching Principles cont’d
Principle 4: Evaluating the Curriculum and Revising Those Aspects That Do Not Prove to be Effective (Keating, 2006)
The four step can be defined as 1) stating the objectives, 2) selecting learning experiences, 3) organizing learning experiences and 4) evaluating the curriculum. 11

12. Synopsis of Principles
Through the development of these four principles, Tyler introduced educational ideas leading to new considerations regarding the measurement of viable outcomes. These outcomes occur by developing a list of programs or curriculum objectives that indicates both the kind of behavior to be developed in the student and the area of content or life in which the behavior is to be applied (Keating 2006).

13. What do we mean by evaluation?
Evaluation encompasses the idea of aligning measurement and testing with educational objectives

14. PRIMARY TERMS OF THE THEORY
Stating Objectives (Denham, 2002)
This progressive design emphasizes the importance of studying the student to find out what kinds of interests he has, what problems he encounters, what purposes he has in mind. The progressive sees this information as providing the basic source for selecting objectives

15. PRIMARY TERMS OF THE THEORY
Selecting Learning Experiences (Denham, 2002)
Tyler believes that students learn through exploration
Like his mentor, John Dewey, Tyler believes teachers should encourage students to appreciate how their learning can be applied to the real world.

16. PRIMARY TERMS OF THE THEORY
Organizing Learning Experiences (Denham, 2002)
Central to Tyler’s Model is effectively organizing the learning activities
Students need concrete experiences in which the lessons are meaningfully connected
Three major criteria are required in building organized learning experiences: continuity, sequence and integration

17. PRIMARY TERMS OF THE THEORY
Evaluating the Curriculum (Denham, 2002)
The process of assessment is critical to Tyler’s Model and begins with the objectives of the educational program
The process of evaluation is essentially the process of determining to what extent the educational objectives are actually being realized by the program of curriculum and instruction

18. STRENGTHS OF MODEL
The active participation of the learner (Prideaux, 2003)
Class objectives are clearly defined in the purposes. These purposes are then translated into educational objectives.
The simple linear approach to development of behavioral objectives is applied (Billings & Halstead, 2009)

19. CRITICISMS OF THE TYLER MODEL
Narrowly interpreted objectives (acceptable verbs)
Difficult and time consuming in the construction of behavioral objectives
Curriculum is restricted to a restricted range of student skills and knowledge

20. CRITICISMS OF THE TYLER MODEL
(CONT.)
Critical thinking, problem solving and value acquiring processes cannot be plainly stated in behavioral objectives (Prideaux, 2003)

21. CRITICISMS OF THE TYLER MODEL
(CONT.)
Learning experiences are individual and are not totally within the power of the teacher to select
The teacher can control the learning experience through the manipulation of the environment, which results in stimulating situations sufficient to induce the kind of learning outcomes desired

22. IMPLICATIONS FOR (NURSING) CURRICULUM
Behavioral objectives are no longer the “gold standard”. Other prescriptive models, (rule based) have emerged since the 1980s.
Outcome or results based education focuses on student behavior instead of the teacher and defines outcomes obtained by the student only

23. REFERENCES
Denham, T.J. (2002). Comparison of two curriculum/Instructional Design Models: Ralph W. Tyler and Siena College Accounting Class, ACCT205. Retrieved from ERIC Database. (ED )
Northeastern Illinois University. (n.d.). Classical Model. Ralph Tyler, 1949, Book Summary. Retrieved from
University of South Florida College of Education. (n.d.). Ralph Tyler’s little book. Retrieved from

24. REFERENCES
(CONT.)
Billings, D. M. & Halstead, J.A. (2009).Teaching in nursing: A guide for faculty. St. Louis, Missouri: Saunder Elsevier
Keating, S. (2006). Curriculum development and evaluation in nursing. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Prideaux, D. (2003). Curriculum design: ABC of learning and teaching in medicine. British Medical Journal, 326(7383), Retrieved from