1. How to Win an Argument: Ethos, Pathos, Logos
Snell: Debate I

2. What is Rhetoric?
Rhetoric (n) - the art of speaking or writing effectively (Webster's Definition).
According to Aristotle, rhetoric is "the ability, in each particular case, to see the available means of persuasion." He described three main forms of rhetoric: Ethos, Logos, and Pathos.
In order to be a more effective debater, you must understand these three terms. You will better understand their meanings which will make your speaking more persuasive.

3. Three Forms of Rhetoric…
Ethos
Logos
Pathos

4. Ethos (Credibility)
Ethos is all about credibility. We believe people we respect have behaved ethically.
We tend to believe people whom we respect.
Credibility of Self
Credibility of Source

5. Ethos Example: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Yf7MT1p1VNI&safe=active
How does Cher
build or lose her
credibility in this
debate?

6.
Watch this television ad from 1949.
How do the ad’s creators appeal to ethos for their audience in 1949?
How do we view this ad differently in 2014?

7. Logos (Logical)
Logos: the logic used to support a claim; the facts and statistics used to help support the argument.
Persuading by the use of reasoning.
An effective and persuasive reason that supports your ideas.

8. Logos Example:
Idea: Students should be allowed to use cell phones during school hours.
List three supporting facts and/or statistics that will support the aforementioned idea.

9. Logos Example: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DWACpDlqK3s
What strategies do the rhetoricians use to appeal to logos?
How do visual elements of the video emphasize the use of logic?

10. Pathos (Emotional)
Pathos: persuading by appealing to the audience’s emotions. Emotional appeals, are used to persuade. Language choice affects the audience's emotional response, and emotional appeal can effectively be used to enhance an argument.
How? Anecdotal stories, loaded words, emotional statistics

11. Pathos Example: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ktGSct-_HH4&safe=active
How does Matthew
McConaughey’s
character appeal to
the audience’s emotions?

12. Isn’t debate just arguing?
Argument, Def. 1: An emotional, verbal fight in which people become angry, bitter, or dissatisfied with the person they are having a “conversation.”

13. Isn’t debate just arguing?
Argument, Def. 2: A stance taken in support of an issue that can be supported, verified, or upheld by others.

14. Debate: Process of two or more people reaching a consensus
Debate: Process of two or more people reaching a consensus. Both parties must come to a mutual agreement.

15. Resolution Analysis
Whereas “junk food” is detrimental to the health of students, and Whereas, “sugar highs” cause students to lose focus in the classroom, and whereas, it is the duty of the schools to educate students in all facets of life, be it resolved that the sale of all junk food on school property shall be prohibited.

16. Resolution Analysis
Whereas a three month summer vacation is too long for students to retain information learned at school, and whereas many school districts have already successfully adopted the Year Round format of alternate blocks of nine weeks of school followed by two weeks of vacation, be it resolved that Minnesota, in order to better meet the academic needs of its students, should adopt a uniform, statewide, year-round school year