2. Types of Charges 11.1 All matter is made up atoms. Atoms contain smaller particles: protons, neutrons, and electrons.

3. These particles have different electric charges. Types of Charges 11.1 electric charge Particle Electric Charge Location Particle Symbol electron proton neutron

4. All matter is made up atoms. Atoms contain smaller particles: protons, neutrons, and electrons. These particles have different electric charges. Types of Charges 11.1 electric charge Particle Electric Charge Location Particle Symbol electron - proton + neutron no charge

5. All matter is made up atoms. Atoms contain smaller particles: protons, neutrons, and electrons. These particles have different electric charges. Types of Charges 11.1 electric charge Particle Electric Charge Location Particle Symbol electron - outside nucleus proton + in nucleus neutron no chargeIn nucleus

6. All matter is made up atoms. Atoms contain smaller particles: protons, neutrons, and electrons. These particles have different electric charges. Types of Charges 11.1 electric charge Particle Electric Charge Location Particle Symbol electron - outside nucleus e-e- proton + in nucleus p+p+ neutron no chargeIn nucleus n0n0

7. Charges on Atoms If an atom has more electrons than protons, the atom has a ____________ charge and is a negative ion. 11.1 negative

8. Charges on Atoms If an atom has more protons than electrons, the atom has a ____________ charge and is a positive ion. 11.1 positive

9. Charges on Atoms If an atom has the same number of protons and electrons, the atom has no overall charge – it is _______________. 11.1 neutral

10. Charges on Atoms 11.1 NOTE: Atoms can lose or gain ______________ only. The number of protons does not change. Only _______________ can move from atom to atom. electrons

11. Charges on Objects An object may be positively charged, negatively charged,or neutral. An object becomes charged when electrons are either removed from or added to the object. Static electricity is an imbalance of positive and negative charges on an object. 11.1 neutral object negatively charged object positively charged object static electricity

12. Charges on Objects 11.1 neutral object negatively charged object positively charged object static electricity Neutral object number of protons = number of electrons

13. Charges on Objects 11.1 neutral object negatively charged object positively charged object static electricity Positively charged object number of protons > number of electrons

14. Charges on Objects 11.1 neutral object negatively charged object positively charged object static electricity Negatively charged object number of electrons > number of protons

15. A charged object exerts an electric force on a nearby object. The force either attracts or repels the nearby object. The Law of Electric Charges states that : – objects with like charges repel each other – objects with opposite charges attract each other Law of Electric Charges 11.1 Vocabulary electric force

16. An electroscope is a device that is used to detect the presence of electric charges. There are two types of electroscopes: 11.1 Detecting the Charge on an Object: Electroscopes

17. pith ball electroscope 11.1 Detecting the Charge on an Object: Electroscopes

18. pith ball electroscope 11.1 Detecting the Charge on an Object: Electroscopes

19. metal-leaf electroscope 11.1 Detecting the Charge on an Object: Electroscopes

20. Detecting the Charge on an Object: How to Use an Electroscope With an electroscope you can determine if an object is neutral or if the object has a charge on it. You do this by observing what happens when the object is brought close to a neutral electroscope. 11.1 Pith ball electroscopeMetal leaf electroscope If object is neutral If object is positively or negatively charged

21. Detecting the Charge on an Object: How to Use an Electroscope With an electroscope you can determine if an object is neutral or if the object has a charge on it. You do this by observing what happens when the object is brought close to a neutral electroscope. 11.1 Pith ball electroscopeMetal leaf electroscope If object is neutralpith ball does not move If object is positively or negatively charged pith ball swings toward object

22. Detecting the Charge on an Object: How to Use an Electroscope With an electroscope you can determine if an object is neutral or if the object has a charge on it. You do this by observing what happens when the object is brought close to a neutral electroscope. 11.1 Pith ball electroscopeMetal leaf electroscope If object is neutralpith ball does not movemetal leaves hang straight down If object is positively or negatively charged pith ball swings toward object metal leaves spread apart

23. Applications of Static Electricity There are many ways that we use static electricity. 11.1 ApplicationScience principles involved How the application works Electrostatic sprayers Law of electric charges This process uses less paint and no solvents, so it is better for the environment