1. Muslims in World Civilization

2. Topics Cities Scholarship Zoology Astronomy Irrigation Geography
Optics
Mathematics
Medicine
Literature
Arts
Games

3. Cities & Architecture Baghdad: center of trade & learning
Cairo: university
Cordoba: largest city in the west
Mosques: place of worship

4. Scholarship & Learning
Schools & libraries
House of Wisdom
Translated Greek books into Arabic
Philosophy & religion compared reason & revelation

5. Zoology Dissection & anatomy of animals
Al-Jahiz: animals adapt to their environment (evolution)
Al-Damiri: encyclopedia
Zoos

6. Astronomy Mapped the stars Improved the astrolabe
Rotation of the earth
Sun-centered universe

7. Irrigation Technology
Underground well
Underground aqueduct
Waterwheel to pump water

8. Geography Al-Biruni used latitude & longitude to measure the earth.
He theorized that the earth spins on its axis.
Map making
Travel writing
Calculated the circumference of the earth

9. Optics Al-Haitham built a pinhole camera to model the eye.
Mirrors for reflection & refraction
Structure of the eye
Eye surgery
Early lenses

10. Mathematics Al-Kwarizmi: Zero Arabic (Indian) numbers Long division
Algebra
Al-Battani:
Trig: ratios of triangles
Al-Kwarizmi

11. Medicine Hospitals Medical textbooks Studied diseases Surgery Stitches
Casts
Pharmacies:
Antiseptics
Anesthesia
Al-Razi: “Allah has provided a cure for every disease.”

12. Some Famous Doctors Al-Razi studied how disease is spread by contact.
Al-Zahrawi invented surgical instruments.
Ibn Sina wrote The Canon of Medicine.

13. Literature Paper making Book making Poetry by Khayyam, Rumi
Metaphor and imagery
Stories

14. Arts Geometric patterns Arabesque florals Calligraphy Fine textiles
Guitar

15. Games
Chess
Backgammon
Polo