1. Unit 11: Testing and Individual Differences

2. Unit 11 - Overview Introduction to Intelligence Assessing Intelligence
The Dynamics of Intelligence
Studying Genetic and Environmental Influences on Intelligence
Group Differences and the Question of Bias
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3. Module 60: Introduction to Intelligence

5. Introduction
Intelligence
Intelligence test

6. Is Intelligence One General Ability or Several Specific Abilities?

7. Is Intelligence One General Ability or Several Specific Abilities?
Spearman’s General intelligence (g)
Factor analysis
Comparison to athleticism
Thurstone’s counter argument g

8. Gardner’s Eight Intelligences
Is Intelligence One General Ability or Several Specific Abilities? Theories of Multiples Intelligences: Garner’s Eight Intelligences
Savant syndrome
Gardner’s Eight Intelligences
Linguistic
Logical-mathematical
Musical
Spatial
Bodily-kinesthetic
Intrapersonal
Interpersonal
Naturalist
Grit

10. Is Intelligence One General Ability or Several Specific Abilities
Is Intelligence One General Ability or Several Specific Abilities? Theories of Multiples Intelligences: Garner’s Eight Intelligences
Grit

11. Sternberg’s Three Intelligences
Is Intelligence One General Ability or Several Specific Abilities? Theories of Multiples Intelligences: Sternberg’s Three Intelligences
Sternberg’s Three Intelligences
Analytical (academic problem-solving intelligence
Creating intelligence
Practical intelligence

12. Emotional Intelligence

13. Emotional Intelligence
Perceive emotions
Understand emotions
Manage emotions
Use emotions for adaptive or creative thinking

14. Is Intelligence Neurologically Measurable?

15. Is Intelligence Neurologically Measurable? Brain Size and Complexity
Brain size studies
Brain complexity studies
Neural plasticity
Gray matter versus white matter

16. Is Intelligence Neurologically Measurable? Brain Function
Perceptual speed
Neurological speed

17. Module 61: Assessing Intelligence

19. Origins of Intelligence Testing

20. Origins of Intelligence Testing
Francis Galton’s intelligence testing
Reaction time
Sensory acuity
Muscular power
Body proportions
Hereditary Genius

21. Alfred Binet Identifying French school children in need of assistance
Origins of Intelligence Testing Alfred Binet: Predicting School Achievement
Alfred Binet
Identifying French school children in need of assistance
Mental age
Chronological age

22. Origins of Intelligence Testing Lewis Terman: The Innate IQ
Stanford-Binet Test
Lewis Terman
New age norms
Adding superior end

23. Origins of Intelligence Testing Lewis Terman: The Innate IQ
Intelligence quotient (IQ)
IQ = (mental age/chronological age) X 100
IQ of 100 is considered average
World War I testing

24. Modern Tests of Mental Abilities

25. Modern Tests of Mental Abilities
Achievement tests
Aptitude tests

26. Modern Tests of Mental Abilities
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC)

27. Principles of Test Construction

28. Principles of Test Construction Standardization
Normal curve (bell curve)

29. Principles of Test Construction Standardization
Normal curve (bell curve)

30. Principles of Test Construction Standardization
Flynn effect

31. Principles of Test Construction Reliability
Scores correlate
Test-retest reliability
Split-half reliability

32. Principles of Test Construction Validity
Content validity
Criterion
Predictive validity

33. Module 62: The Dynamics of Intelligence

35. Stability or Change?

36. Stability or Change? Aging and Intelligence
Cross-Sectional Evidence
Longitudinal Evidence
Cohort

37. Stability or Change? Aging and Intelligence
It all depends
Crystallized intelligence
Fluid intelligence

38. Stability or Change? Stability Over the Life Span

39. Extremes of Intelligence

40. Extremes of Intelligence The Low Extreme
Intellectual disability
Mental retardation
Down syndrome
21st chromosome
Mainstreamed

41. Extremes of Intelligence The High Extreme
Terman’s study of gifted
Self-fulfilling prophecy
Appropriate developmental placement

42. Module 63: Studying Genetic and Environmental Influences on Intelligence

44. Twin and Adoption Studies

45. Twin and Adoption Studies
Identical twin studies
Polygenetic
Heritability
Adoptive children studies

46. Heritability

47. Environmental Influences

48. Environmental Influences
Early environmental influences
Tutored human enrichment
Targeted training
Schooling and intelligence
Project Head Start

49. Module 64: Group Differences on the Question of Bias

51. Group Differences in Intelligence Test Scores

52. Emotion-detecting ability Math and spatial aptitudes
Group Differences in Intelligence Test Scores Gender Similarities and Differences
Spelling
Verbal ability
Nonverbal ability
Sensation
Emotion-detecting ability
Math and spatial aptitudes

53. Ethnic similarities Ethnic differences
Group Differences in Intelligence Test Scores Racial and Ethnic Similarities and Differences
Ethnic similarities
Ethnic differences

54. The Question of Bias

55. The Question of Bias Two meanings of bias Test-taker’s expectations
Popular sense
Scientific sense
Test-taker’s expectations
Stereotype threat