1. 2 pt 3 pt 4 pt 5 pt 1 pt 2 pt 3 pt 4 pt 5 pt 1 pt 2 pt 3 pt 4 pt 5 pt 1 pt 2 pt 3 pt 4 pt 5 pt 1 pt 2 pt 3 pt 4 pt 5 pt 1 pt Scientific Understanding of Behavior Where to Start Ethical Research Survey Research Experimental Design

2. When a person unquestionably uses their own personal judgment or a single story about another person’s experience as a way to know the world

3. What is intuition?

4. When a person accepts anything learned from the news media, books, government authorities, or religious figures

5. What is authority?

6. Knowledge based on observations

7. What is empiricism?

8. Describe behavior, predict behavior, determine the causes of behavior, and understand/explain behavior

9. What are the goals of science?

10. Fundamental research questions about the nature of behavior

11. What is basic research?

12. A statement about something that may be true

13. What is a hypothesis?

14. Individuals that take part in surveys

15. What are respondents?

16. They help researchers understand the dynamics of a particular culture or organizational setting

17. What are informants?

18. They organize and explain a variety of specific facts or descriptions of behavior

19. What are theories?

20. Sometimes the most interesting discoveries in science are the result of this

21. What is serendipity?

22. The principle in the Belmont Report that refers to the need for research to maximize benefits and minimize any possible harmful effects of participation

23. What is beneficence?

24. This provides researchers an opportunity to deal with issues of potential harmful effects of participation and explain the true purpose of the study.

25. What is a debriefing?

26. Instead of using deception, the Stanford Prison Experiment is an example of this type of alternative procedure

27. What is a simulation study?

28. This was revised in 2002 and is known as the Ethics Code

29. What is The Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct?

30. Psychologists violate this ethical standard when they conduct research and fail to tell participants about the foreseeable consequences of declining or withdrawing from the study

31. What is informed consent? (Section 8.02)

32. This type of relationship exists when increases in the number of hours students spend in the library is accompanied by increases in their GPA’s too

33. What is a positive linear relationship?

34. When the nonexperimental method is used, alternative explanations for a causal relationship between two variables exist because of this problem.

35. What is the third-variable problem?

36. This is done to eliminate the influence of individual differences as alternative explanations for the results of an experiment

37. What is random assignment?

38. This validity is challenged when the operational definition of a variable is inadequate.

39. What is construct validity?

40. When a variable is measured using a reliable device, there is little of this

41. What is measurement error?

42. An example of this measurement scale is student’s letter grade on a test

43. What is ordinal scale?

44. This type of validity is demonstrated when a measure is not related to variables is should NOT be related to

45. What is discriminate validity?

46. This measurement scale provides to most measurement information

47. What is ratio scale?

48. The correlation of each item on a scale with every other item is called this

49. What is called Cronbach’s alpha?

50. This type of validity concerns whether two or more groups of people differ on a measure in expected ways

51. What is concurrent validity?