1. Chapter 16

2. Every human on earth organizes themselves into families, but the word is difficult to define. Polygyny- more than one wife Polyandry-more than one husband Banaro of New Guinea (must give birth first) Tobriand Islanders in New Guinea (wife’s eldest brother) Family consists of people who consider themselves related by blood, marriage or adoption. Household- consists of people who occupy the same housing unit- a house, apartment, or other living quarters. What is Family?

3. How do you classify families? Nuclear: Husband, Wife and kids Extended: Includes Nuclear and people such as grandparents, aunts, uncles, and cousins Family of Orientation: the family in which an individual grows up Family of Procreation: the family that is formed when a couple have their first child

4. What is Marriage? Man and woman Native Americans- Berdache Nayar of Malabar- 3 day celebration Loess Plateau in China- dead husband Marriage- a group’s approved mating arrangements- usually marked by a ritual of some sort to indicate the couple’s new public status

5. Lessons in Finding a Mate: 1. Follow your heart Pay attention to the “In Love” Feeling Sense of rightness- never get married without it! A “gut” feeling 2. Follow your Head= due diligence formal economic and legal arrangement Questions: Will your partner be a good provider? Work ethic? Housework? Is He or She Financially Responsible? Will He or She be a Good Parent?

6. Lessons Continued.. 3. Values come first Values are the basic principles we use to make decisions, and the standards by which we judge what’s important in life. “Polar souls” Need to discuss Values about children Values about money Values about religion You’re Marrying a Family Three Warning Signs No One Likes Your Partner Explosive and Disproportionate Anger Your Partner Lacks Control over Alcohol

7. Common Cultural Themes 1. Mate Selection: Every human group establishes norms to govern who marries whom. Endogamy: members must marry within their group. Usually informal norms Exogamy: members must marry outside their group. Incest taboo- prohibits sex and marriage among designated relatives.

8. 2. Descent: How are you related to your father or mother? System of descent: the way people trace kinship over the generations Bilineal system: we think of ourselves as related to both of our mother’s and father’s sides of the family. Patrilineal system: tracing descent only on the father’s side (do not think of children as being related to their mother’s side) Matrilineal system: tracing descent only on the mother’s side and not considering children to be related to their father’s relatives.

9. 3. Authority: Patriarchy: social system in which men dominate women, has formed a thread that runs through all societies. Matriarchy: a social system in which women dominate men as a group. Egalitarian- equal roles U.S.- naming patterns

10. Read page 45: answer questions: 1. What are advantages/disadvantages of the village matchmaker? What about your parents setting you up? 2. What are advantages/disadvantages of electronic dating sites?

11. Worksheet Pages 464-468 Due 4/18!

12. Trends in U.S. Families Marriage is on the decline due to cohabitation- adults living together in a sexual relationship without being married. Much more common today than it was thirty years ago. 40% of U.S. children will spend a time in a cohabitating family.cohabitation What is the difference between cohabitating and marriage?

13. Commitment! Marriage: You take a public vow and are bound legally. There is a sense of permanence. Requires a judge to terminate Cohabitation: requires couples to move in together. Less likely to have a joint back account, easy to move out. Sociologists have found that cohabitating couples are less likely to marry and more likely to have an unstable marriage.

14. Grandparents as parents: Also called “skipped generation families” Parents die, become ill, homeless, addicted to drugs or land in prison. Pros: builds lasting emotional bonds Cons: unexpected responsibilities, squeeze finances, no retirement. Sandwich Generation