1. Creswell Qualitative Inquiry 2e
Chapter 1
Introduction
Creswell Qualitative Inquiry 2e

2. Creswell Qualitative Inquiry 2e
Purpose of Course
To review qualitative research
To learn about five approaches to qualitative research:
Narrative research
Phenomenology
Grounded theory
Ethnography
Case studies
To engage in the conduct of a small-scale qualitative study using one of the approaches
Creswell Qualitative Inquiry 2e

3. Procedures for conducting designs
Flow of Ideas
Philosophy to
Theory to
Designs to
Procedures for conducting designs
Chapter 3 provides an overview of qualitative
research and chapters 4-10 focus on the
five approaches to qualitative research
Creswell Qualitative Inquiry 2e

4. What Is an Approach to Inquiry?
Approach to Inquiry: a specific approach to qualitative research that has a distinct methodology that characterizes the approach that
Addresses a distinct aspect of a research problem
Uses distinct methods of data collection, data analysis and has a distinct format for report writing
Specific procedures for conducting a qualitative study
Formation of purpose and research questions
Data Collection and Analysis
Report Writing conventions
Creswell Qualitative Inquiry 2e

5. Qualitative Approaches and Authors
Discipline/Field
Jacob (1987)
Ecological Psychology, Holistic Ethnography,
Cognitive Anthropology, Ethnography of Communication, Symbolic
Interactionism
Education
Munhall & Oiler (1986)
Phenomenology, Grounded Theory, Ethnography, Historical
Research
Nursing
Lancy (1993)
Anthropologist Perspectives, Sociological Perspectives, Biological
Perspectives, Case Studies Personal Accounts, Cognitive Studies,
Historical Inquiries
Strauss & Corbin (1990)
Grounded Theory, Ethnography, Phenomenology, Life Histories,
Conversational Analysis
Sociology, Nursing
Morse (1994)
Phenomenology Ethnography, Ethnoscience, Grounded Theory
Moastakas (1994)
Ethnography, Grounded Theory, Hermeneutics,
Empirical Phenomenological Research, Heuristic Research,
Transcendental Phenomenology
Psychology
Denzin & Lincoln (1994)
Case Studies, Ethnography, Grounded Theory, Biographical,
Historical, Clinical Research Phenomenology Ethno methodology and
Interpretive Practices
Social Sciences
Miles & Huber man (1994)
Approaches to Qualitative Data Analysis:
Interpretive Social Anthropology, Collaborative Social Research
Slife & Williams (1995)
Categories of Qualitative Methods:
Ethnography , Phenomenology Studies of Artifacts
1.5
Creswell Qualitative Inquiry 2e

6. The Choice of Five Approaches
The approaches chosen: narrative research, phenomenology, grounded theory, ethnography, and case study research
Personal experience with each
Popular approaches used in research
Approaches with systematic procedures
Representative of different discipline orientations
Creswell Qualitative Inquiry 2e

7. The Current Book in Response to Trends in Qualitative Research
Acceptance of qualitative research
Courses
Books
Funding possibilities
An emphasis on the interpretative approach
Focuses on the self-reflective nature of how the research is conducted and read
The role of the researcher and participants is also emphasized
The need for a methodological dialogue
A trend coming from ethnography
Addresses questions such as disciplinary power, theoretical future of the field, alternative writing and publication possibilities
Creswell Qualitative Inquiry 2e

8. Trends in Qualitative Research
Advancement of a social justice agenda
Not all studies must have this as a central feature
Writers should acknowledge social justice and diversify issues as a part of inquiry and write about them
Variations within the five approaches
Variations within narrative research, phenomenology, grounded theory, ethnography, and case study research
Core books in each of the areas have informed my writing
Creswell Qualitative Inquiry 2e

9. Trends in Qualitative Research
Qualitative research has become more fragmented
Methodologists that emphasize rigorous methods
Philosophical advocates that expand the number of theoretical lenses used
Social justice researchers who advocate the social ends for qualitative research
Health researchers who use qualitative research to augment experimental research
Creswell Qualitative Inquiry 2e

10. Trends in Qualitative Research
More sophisticated data analysis
A greater variety of computer software programs for data analysis are available
Computer programs have more features
Concept mapping
Ability to import different types of data including audio and video files
Drag and drop coding
Export to the web
The ability to have multiple researchers code data as a group
Creswell Qualitative Inquiry 2e

11. Creswell Qualitative Inquiry 2e
The Author’s Position
The author is an applied research methodologist
The author is a post-positivist qualitative researcher (depending on the day)
The author is an advocate for rigorous data collection and analysis
The author is experienced in all five approaches to inquiry
The author appreciates good qualitative writing
Creswell Qualitative Inquiry 2e

12. Creswell Qualitative Inquiry 2e
Chapter 1
Introduction
Creswell Qualitative Inquiry 2e