1. The Progressive Era USHC-4.6
USHC-4.6 Compare the accomplishments and limitations of the women’s suffrage movement and the Progressive Movement in affecting social and political reforms in America, including the roles of the media and of reformers such as Carrie Chapman Catt, Alice Paul, Jane Addams, and Presidents Theodore Roosevelt and Woodrow Wilson.

2. The Progressive Period
As the 1800’s came to a close many people’s life style was on the rise
However, immigrants and poor laborers continued to work under harsh conditions.
Local political machines controlled government and were often very corrupt.
***As a result people began to demand reforms in government, business, and society in general.

3. The Muckrakers
Leading intellectual writers came on the scene during the Progressive Period. They ***wrote stories about government corruption and problems with big business. Muckrakers
The most famous Muckraker was ***Upton Sinclair who wrote a book called The Jungle. ***The book uncovered the horrors in the meat packing industry.
It inspired President Roosevelt to clean up the meat industry.

10. Progressivism was aided by the media
“Muckrackers” investigated the corporations and conditions of the times
The plight of the Native Americans
The worker and immigrant

11. Women in the Progressive Era
***Women took a role in promoting social reform - now had the opportunity for higher education at new women’s colleges - new jobs at factories and offices The most important reform…VOTING!

13. The Women’s Suffrage Movement
In the 1870’s Susan B. Anthony became arguably the most well known leader urging the peoples right to vote.
She established the National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA) The movement struggled until 1920 when the 19th Amendment giving women the right to vote nation wide.
***First state to give women the right to vote was Wyoming!!!
(West was more tolerant than the east)

18. Carrie Chapman Catt
Founded the NAWSA (National American Women’s Suffrage Association) ***Women campaigned on the idea that they would clean up society and gov.

19. Alice Paul
Formed the National Women’s Party Wanted an amendment to the Constitution -Engaged in marches and picketed the White House

20. 19th Amendment- gave women the right to vote in 1920

21. Jane Addams
-Educated woman -***Established the Hull House in Chicago, for immigrants to take vocational classes receive childcare (settlement house) ***Wanted protection for child laborers

22. Hull House in Chicago

24. ***18th Amendment- prohibited the making, selling, or transporting of alcohol in the US
Time period was called PROHIBITION (time of no alcohol)

25. Sec 2: Political Reform
Progressivism started at the city and state level
***Gained support at the national level with Pres. Theodore (Teddy) Roosevelt
***First President to give support to rights of workers

26. The Spoils System
Since Lincoln’s death, corruption went up in the federal government
Many blamed the ***spoils system- gave government positions to political supporters, reward those who were loyal
Someone got so angry that he didn’t get a position, he assassinated President James Garfield

28. Garfield’s death led to the Pendleton Act.
This Act created the Civil Service Commission- applicants must pass an exam to gain any official position in the government

29. Teddy Roosevelt Youngest president elected by 1901 and full of changes
Roosevelt’s first change was stopping the Anthracite Coal Mine Strike
Roosevelt threatens to use federal troops unless the strike is settled
Next was his opposition to monopolies. One of the most famous cases was Northern Securities v. US
***Nicknamed the “Trust-buster” for breaking up monopolies

31. ***Bully Pulpit- uses his presidency to end conflicts between management and employees
***Created the nations first National Parks, so a conservationist
***Created the Pure Food and Drug Act & the Meat Inspection Act (inspired by the book “The Jungle”

33. Taft, Wilson, and the Election of 1912
After one term, Roosevelt stepped down and his friend William Taft became President
Taft was not a reformer and let the Republican party divide due to issues with tariffs
***Roosevelt was angered by this and formed the Progressive, or “Bull Moose” Party
Since the Republicans were split between Taft and Roosevelt, Democrat won the election Woodrow Wilson in 1912

34. Taft and Wilson

35. The Bull Moose Party….what does this cartoon say?

36. Wilson and his policies
Wilson helped create the ***Federal Reserve Act-oversaw the circulation of money and helped prevent bank failures
***Clayton Antitrust Act- Strikes and boycotts became legal (referred to as the ‘Magna Carta of Labor’
16th Amendment- Federal government can collect income taxes
17th Amendment- Direct election of senators

37. Segregation Separation based on race
Took place in restaurants, schools, hospitals, etc
***Two kinds:
1. De jure- Based on law
2. De facto- done by economic/social factors

38. Notable African-Americans of the Progressive Period
Booker T. Washington- former slave, and founder of Tuskegee Institute
Believes blacks should be the master of trades to be treated as equals (farmers, construction, waiters, etc.)
Agrees with segregation, as mentioned in a speech in Atlanta: ‘be as separate as fingers, yet one as the hand…”

39. Booker T Washington

40. W.E.B. Du Bois- First black Ph.D. graduate from Harvard
Does not agree with Washington
Atlanta Compromise- Don’t settle for a trade, strive to get higher jobs, be active in politics
Niagara Movement- Outline an agenda for African-American progress in the US
Founder of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)

41. Du Bois

42. EOC SAMPLE QUESTIONS: 1. Pres
EOC SAMPLE QUESTIONS: 1. Pres. Theodore Roosevelt would MOST likely use the term “muckraker” to apply to which of the following?
A. A woman demanding the right to vote
B. A supporter of the temperance movement
C. A journalist writing about abuses in government and business
D. A woman with a hatchet attacking saloons.

43. A. A supporter of the “Bull Moose” Party
2. Of the following, which person would likely NOT have voted for the Progressive Party in 1912?
A. A supporter of the “Bull Moose” Party
B. Those who believed in a laissez-faire approach to economics
C. A woman who believed she deserved the right to vote
D. A former leader of the Populist movement

44. B. The Civil Service System C. The spoils system
3. The system which rewarded political supporters with government positions was:
A. The Pendleton Act
B. The Civil Service System
C. The spoils system
D. The “Wisconsin system”

45. 4. Which of the following would be supported by the decision in Plessy v. Ferguson?
A. It is OK to have separate schools for blacks and whites, so long as both have qualified teachers.
B. It is illegal to separate people by race because it violates the spirit of the Constitution.
C. African-Americans cannot be denied the right to vote
D. De Facto segregation is acceptable based on law.

46. 5. On which of the following points would W. E
5. On which of the following points would W.E.B Du Bois likely DISAGREE with Booker T. Washington?
A. What occupations blacks should pursue in US society
B. The need for blacks to take steps to better themselves and become economically independent
C. The need for blacks to be better trained and educated
D. The belief that whites enjoy certain advantages in society