1. Our Watershed Presentation Created and Presented by: Isaac, Luke, Kaelynne, Paola, Brianna, Ashley, Darien, Peter, Irwin, Kaitlyn & Gianna

2. What is Water? 1 oxygen 2 hydrogen atoms 1 oxygen 2 hydrogen atoms Roughly 70% of our planet Roughly 70% of our planet Largest component of the human body Largest component of the human body Essential for life on earth Essential for life on earth

3. What is Water Quality? The amount of contaminates The amount of contaminates Half comes from surface water Half comes from surface water Half comes from ground water Half comes from ground water 79,000 water utilities supplying 230 million people 79,000 water utilities supplying 230 million people 20-40 million use private wells 20-40 million use private wells

4. Scientific Method  Question  Research  Hypothesis  Test Procedure  Results  Conclusion

5. Question –Is there a difference in quality between Niagara, Brita, Crystal Geyser and tap water?

6. Hypothesis  Brita bottled water  Tap water (from our watershed)  Crystal Geyser  Niagara bottled water

7. Procedure  We discussed what we wanted to know more about  Decided on a variety of water samples  Tested pH, alkalinity, chlorine, hardness, iron, copper, nitrates, nitrites  Graphed and compared results  Made charts and this PowerPoint

8. Materials Water Monitoring test Kit Brita bottled water Crystal Geyser bottled water Tap water from our sink at school Niagara bottled water

9. Results Tap Water Aquafina ArrowheadKirkland Stater Bros Alkalinity 240 High 0 Low240 High 40 Low0 Low pH 7.5 Safe 0 Dangerous 7.5 Safe 5 Caution chlorine.2 Safe 0 Safe.2 Safe Hardness 50 Ideal 0 Soft 50 Ideal 0 Soft Iron 0 Low 0 low Copper 0 Safe 0 Low 1.3 Safe Nitrites 0 Safe 2 Caution 0 safe Nitrates0 Safe0 safe0 Safe 2 Safe

10. Results (continued) pH – Drinking water with a pH below 4 or above 11 can cause skin, eye, and mucous membrane irritation..Alkalinity– Creates a high level of metals that is considered dangerous. Chlorine– Toxic when consumed, inhaled, or applied to the skin. Hardness – Hard water may improve cardiovascular health. Iron–High levels cause abdominal and bowel problems. Copper - vomiting, diarrhea, stomach cramps, nausea, liver and kidney disease. Nitrites – Infants especially susceptible to poisoning. Causes stomach problems in adults. Nitrate – a nutrient needed by aquatic plants/animals. Sewage is main source of excessive nitrates. Nitrates over 10 ppm & Nitrites over 1 ppm can have fatal results.

11. Results Tap Water Aquafina ArrowheadKirkland Stater Bros Alkalinity 240 High 0 Low240 High 40 Low0 Low pH 7.5 Safe 0 Dangerous 7.5 Safe 5 Caution chlorine.2 Safe 0 Safe.2 Safe Hardness 50 Ideal 0 Soft 50 Ideal 0 Soft Iron 0 Low 0 low Copper 0 Safe 0 Low 1.3 Safe Nitrites 0 Safe 2 Caution 0 safe Nitrates0 Safe0 safe0 Safe 2 Safe

12. Conclusions All samples had 1 unsafe result Tap Water – Alkalinity unsafe Aquafina – pH unsafe Arrowhead – Alkalinity unsafe Kirkland – pH & Nitrites showed caution Stater Bros. – pH shows caution

13. Variables Only tested samples one time Dust, dirt, oils from the classroom could have contaminated samples Test strips could have been faulty or contaminated