1. Chapter 19.4

2. Excess hydrochloric acid in the stomach can cause heartburn and a feeling of nausea. Antacids neutralize the stomach acid and relieve the pain of acid indigestion. You will learn what a neutralization reaction is.

3.  In general, the reaction of an acid with a base produces water and one of a class of compounds called salts.  This is called a Neutralization Reaction

5.  A VERY important and useful lab technique.  The process of adding a known amount of solution (mL) of known concentration (M) to determine the concentration of another solution is called titration.  The solution of known concentration is called the standard solution.

6.  The point of neutralization is the end point of the titration.  When an acid and base are mixed, the equivalence point is when the number of moles of hydrogen ions equals the number of moles of hydroxide ions.

7.  Calculation 1:

10. ▪ Remember the phenolphthalein indicator? ▪ We add the indicator to the unknown solution to tell us when the solution has been completely neutralized. ▪ The point at which the indicator changes color is the end point of the titration.

11. Acid solution with indicator Added base is measured with a buret. Color change shows neutralization. This is the end point.

12. We can use digital pH probes. Notice: pH = 7

13.  Calculation 2:

16.  Listen carefully so you can set up for lab next week…  Buret  Acid and Base  One solution has a known concentration  One concentration is unknown (What you are solving for!)  Phenolphthalein indicator  Or pH probe

17.  Complete titration practice worksheet.  Turn in for a grade