1. CIVIL DEFENSE DEPUTY ADMINISTRATOR OFFICE OF CIVIL DEFENSE
DISASTER PREPAREDNESS
AND HOW TO CRAFT PLANS
LADIES AND GENTLEMEN, GOOD MORNING.
MY PRESENTATION IS ABOUT DISASTER PREPAREDNESS AND HOW TO CRAFT PLANS.
DIR ROMEO F FAJARDO
CIVIL DEFENSE DEPUTY ADMINISTRATOR
OFFICE OF CIVIL DEFENSE

2. Scope of Presentation The Philippine Disaster Risk Profile
Republic Act 10121: The Paradigm Shift in the Philippine DRRM System
What is Disaster Preparedness?
Programs and Activities under Disaster Preparedness
National DRRM Plan and Other Plans
THE SCOPE OF MY PRESENTATION IS AS FOLLOWS. FIRST IS THE PHILIPPINE DISASTER RISK PROFILE. SECOND IS ABOUT REPUBLIC ACT 10121: THE PARADIGM SHIFT IN THE PHILIPPINE DRRM SYSTEM. THIRD IS AN OVERVIEW OF DISASTER PREPAREDNESS. FOURTH ARE THE PROGRAMS AND ACTIVITIES UNDER DISASTER PREPAREDNESS. FIFTH IS ABOUT THE NATIONAL DRRM PLAN AND OTHER PLANS.

3. I. THE PHILIPPINE DISASTER RISK PROFILE
Module Objectives
I. THE PHILIPPINE DISASTER RISK PROFILE
LET US BEGIN WITH THE PHILIPPINE DISASTER RISK PROFILE.

4. RP Disaster Risk Profile
THE COUNTRY IS ARCHIPELAGIC IN NATURE. IT IS COMPOSED OF 7,107 ISLANDS AND SURROUNDED BY NUMEROUS BODIES OF WATER.
THE PICTURE AT THE UPPER RIGHT HAND CORNER SHOWS THAT THE PHILIPPINES IS LOCATED AT THE WESTERN SEGMENT OF THE PACIFIC RING OF FIRE, WHERE THE ACTIVE VOLCANOES AND EARTHQUAKE GENERATORS ARE FOUND. ON AVERAGE, OUR COUNTRY EXPERIENCES AN AVERAGE OF 20 EARTHQUAKES A DAY ONLY A FEW ARE FELT BY MEN. ONE OF THE RECENT AND DESTRUCTIVE EARTHQUAKE EVENT WAS THE BOHOL EARTHQUAKE ON OCTOBER 2013.
AT THE LOWER RIGHT HAND CORNER, THE PHILIPPINES IS ALSO LOCATED AT THE PACIFIC TYPHOON BELT. WE EXPERIENCE AN AVERAGE OF 20 TYPHOONS A YEAR, 5-7 OF THOSE ARE SAID TO BE DESTRUCTIVE. TYPHOON YOLANDA IS THE MOST DEVASTATING AMONGST THE TYPHOONS THAT ENTERED THE PAR. LAST YEAR WE EXCEEDED THE NUMBER OF TYPHOONS THAT ENTER THE PHILIPPINE AREA OF RESPONSIBILITY (PAR), WE HAVE RECORDED 26 TROPICAL CYCLONES.

5. RP Disaster Risk Profile
THIS SLIDE SHOWS THE SEISMICITY OF THE PHILIPPINES. THE DOTS OR CIRCLE REPRESENT THE EARTHQUAKE EVENTS. THE BIGGER THE CIRCLE THE LARGER THE EARTHQUAKE, ONLY PALAWAN HAS NOT EXPERIENCED AN EARTHQUAKE AS OFTEN AS SEEN IN THE MAP.
THE TSUNAMI VULNERABILITY MAP ILLUSTRATES THE PRESENCE OF SEVERAL TRENCHES IN THE COUNTRY THAT WOULD GENERATE A TSUNAMI WHEN IT MOVES. EXAMPLES ARE THE MORO GULF EARTHQUAKE AND TSUNAMI IN BUT IT HAS TO BE EMPHASIZED OUR COUNTRY CAN ALSO EXPERIENCE A TSUNAMI EVENT FROM OTHER PARTS OF THE WORLD. IT SHOULD BE REMEMBERED THAT DURING THE CHILEAN EARTHQUAKE IN THE 60’S IT GENERATED A TSUNAMI THAT AFFECTED THE EASTERN SEABOARD.
Seismicity of the Philippines
Tsunami Vulnerability

6. RP Disaster Risk Profile
THIS SLIDE SHOWS THE COUNTRY’S VULNERABILITY TO TYPHOONS AND LANDSLIDES. HAVING SHOWN THE RISK PROFILE, THE PHILIPPINES HAS BEEN CONSIDERED THE 7-11 OF DISASTERS IN THE ASEAN REGION. THAT IS BECAUSE DISASTERS HAPPEN IN OUR COUNTRY 24-7.
Typhoon Vulnerability
Landslide Vulnerability

7. Natural Hazards
Tropical cyclones Floods Storm surges Earthquakes Tsunamis Volcanic eruptions Landslides Drought
HERE ARE SOME OF THE NATURAL HAZARDS THAT WE FREQUENTLY ENCOUNTER.

8. Human Induced Hazards
Fire Maritime accidents Aircraft crashes Land accidents Industrial accidents Crimes Civil disturbance Terrorism Armed conflict
AND HERE ARE SOME OF THE HUMAN INDUCED HAZARDS.

9. WHAT ARE THE EFFECTS OF DISASTERS?
Death
Chaos
Lost Livelihood
Poor Tourism
Poor Economy
WHAT ARE THE EFFECTS OF DISASTERS?
Widespread Damages
WHAT ARE THEN THE EFFECTS OF THESE DISASTERS? THESE ARE AMONG THE MANY CONSEQUENCES THAT WE HAVE TO FACE GIVEN OUR DISASTER RISK PROFILE. I WOULD LIKE TO PUT EMPHASIS ON POOR ECONOMY, WIDESPREAD DAMAGES, LOST LIVELIHOOD AND POOR TOURISM AS AMONG THE MANY FINANCIAL IMPLICATIONS OF DISASTER IMPACTS.
Loss of Public Trust
Disrupted Operations

10. World Risk Index Report 2014
In 2014, the Philippines ranked as 2nd country at risk (and 3rd as the most exposed)
BECAUSE OF THE FREQUENT DISASTER EVENTS IN OUR COUNTRY, WE ARE RANKED AS THE 2ND COUNTRY THAT IS AT RISK AND 3rd MOST EXPOSED ACCORDING TO THE WORLD RISK INDEX REPORT 2014.
Reference:

11. __ in 2015? 2nd in 2014 3rd in 2013 3rd in 2012 3rd in 2011
9th in 2009
6th in 2010
3rd in 2011
3rd in 2012
3rd in 2013
2nd in 2014
LOOKING BACK INTO THE PAST, WE CAN SEE THAT AS YEARS GO BY, OUR RISK TO DISASTERS CONTINUE TO INCREASE. WHAT IS IN STORE FOR US IN 2015 AND BEYOND?
__ in 2015?

12. Module Objectives
II. REPUBLIC ACT 10121: THE PARADIGM SHIFT IN THE PHILIPPINE DRRM SYSTEM
IN RESPONSE TO OUR RISK TO DISASTERS, WE TOOK A PARADIGM SHIFT IN THE PHILIPPINE DISASTER MANAGEMENT THROUGH THE ENACTMENT OF REPUBLIC ACT 10121, WHICH IS THE NEXT PART OF MY PRESENTATION.

13. Republic Act 10121 The Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and
Management (PDRRM) Act of 2010
“An Act Strengthening the Philippine DRRM System, Providing for the National DRRM Framework and Institutionalizing the National DRRM Plan, Appropriating Funds Therefor and for Other Purposes”
THE LAW THAT STRENGTHENED THE PRESIDENTIAL DECREE 1566, IS THE REPUBLIC ACT THE PHILIPPINE DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT ACT OF IT IS THE ACT STRENGTHENING THE PHILIPPINE DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT SYSTEM, PROVIDING FOR THE NATIONAL DRRM FRAMEWORK AND INSTITUTIONALIZING THE NATIONAL DRRM PLAN AND APPROPRIATING FUNDS THEREFOR AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES.

14. Paradigm Shift THEN NOW TOP-DOWN CENTRALIZED DISASTER MANAGEMENT
BOTTOM-UP PARTICIPATORY DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT
DISASTERS AS FUNCTION OF PHYSICAL HAZARDS
DISASTERS AS REFLECTION OF PEOPLE’S VULNERABILITY
THE LAW PROVIDED FOR THE PARADIGM SHIFT OF DISASTER MANAGEMENT TO DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT OR DRRM.
THE APPROACH ON DISASTER MANAGEMENT WAS CENTRALIZED AND TOP-DOWN, DISASTERS WAS MERELY A FUNCTION OF PHYSICAL HAZARDS AND THE FOCUS WAS ON DISASTER RESPONSE AND ANTICIPATION.
THE CURRENT LAW IS PARTICIPATORY AND BOTTOMS-UP DISASTER RISK REDUCTION. DISASTER IS VIEWED MAINLY A REFLECTION OF PEOPLE’S VULNERABILITY AND THE APPROACH TO REDUCE DISASTER RISK IS INTEGRATED TO ACHIEVE A GENUINE SOCIAL AND HUMAN DEVELOPMENT.
FOCUS ON DISASTER RESPONSE
INTEGRATED APPROACH TO REDUCE DISASTER RISK

15. NDCC to NDRRMC NATIONAL DISASTER COORDINATING COUNCIL
NATIONAL DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT COUNCIL
THE LAW ALSO LED TO THE EVOLUTION OF THE NATIONAL DISASTER COORDINATING COUNCIL INTO NATIONAL DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT COUNCIL.

16. NDCC to NDRRMC 1 Chairperson 19 Members 1 Chairperson
4 Vice Chairpersons
39 Members
FURTHERMORE, THE MEMBERSHIP OF THE COUNCIL EXPANDED FROM ONE CHAIRPERSON AND NINTEEN MEMBERS TO ONE CHAIRPERSON, FOUR VICE CHAIRPERSONS AND THIRTY NINE MEMBERS.
BY VIRTUE OF THE LAW, THE OFFICE OF CIVIL DEFENSE IS MANDATED TO ACT AS THE EXECUTIVE ARM AND SECRETARIAT OF THE NDRRMC. IT IS HEADED BY USEC ALEXANDER P PAMA, ADMINISTRATOR OF OCD AND EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR OF THE NDRRMC.

17. Four DRRM Thematic Areas
Safer, adaptive and disaster resilient Filipino communities towards sustainable development
Disaster Prevention and Mitigation
Avoid hazards and mitigate their potential impacts by reducing vulnerabilities and exposure and enhancing capacities of communities
Disaster Preparedness
Establish and strengthen capacities of communities to anticipate, cope and recover
from the negative impacts of emergency occurrences and disasters
Disaster Response
Provide life preservation and meet the basic subsistence needs of affected population based on acceptable standards during or immediately after a disaster
Disaster Rehabilitation and Recovery
Restore and improve facilities and living conditions and capacities of affected communities, and reduce risks in accordance with the “building back better” principle
RA ALSO INSTITUTIONALIZED THE FOUR THEMATIC AREAS OF DRRM: DISASTER PREVENTION AND MITIGATION, DISASTER PREPAREDNESS, DISASTER RESPONSE AND DISASTER REHABILITATION AND RECOVERY. SHOWN IN THE SLIDE ARE THE DESCRIPTION OF THE FOUR THEMATIC AREAS.

18. National DRRM Framework
WITH THE APPROVAL OF THE NATIONAL DRRM FRAMEWORK ON JUNE 16, 2011, THE FOUR THEMATIC AREAS SHALL WORK TOGETHER BY INTEGRATING THE RISK FACTORS AND MAINSTREAMING DRR AND CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION IN ORDER TO ACHIEVE THE VISION OF A SAFER, ADAPTIVE AND RESILIENT FILIPINO COMMUNITIES TOWARD SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT.
June 16, 2011

19. III. WHAT IS DISASTER PREPAREDNESS?
Module Objectives
III. WHAT IS DISASTER PREPAREDNESS?
NOW LET US HAVE A DEEPER UNDERSTANDING OF DISASTER PREPAREDNESS.

20. Disaster Preparedness in RA 10121
Disaster Preparedness is the knowledge and capacities developed by governments, professional response and recovery organizations, communities and individuals to effectively anticipate, respond to, and recover from, the impacts of likely, imminent or current hazard events or conditions.
ACCORDING TO RA 10121, DISASTER PREPAREDNESS IS THE KNOWLEDGE AND CAPACITIES DEVELOPED BY GOVERNMENTS, PROFESSIONAL RESPONSE AND RECOVERY ORGANIZATIONS, COMMUNITIES AND INDIVIDUALS TO EFFECTIVELY ANTICIPATE, RESPOND TO, AND RECOVER FROM, THE IMPACTS OF LIKELY, IMMINENT OR CURRENT HAZARD EVENTS OR CONDITIONS.

21. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT
Vice Chairperson for Disaster Preparedness

22. Disaster Preparedness under NDRRM Plan
ALSO, THE NATIONAL DRRM PLAN FURTHER EXPLAINS DISASTER PREPAREDNESS BY SPECIFYING THE SPECIFIC OUTCOMES AND IDENTIFYING THE AGENCIES TO SUPPORT DILG. AMONG THESE AGENCIES ARE THE PHILIPPINE INFORMATION AGENCY AND THE OFFICE OF CIVIL DEFENSE, AS SHOWN IN THE SLIDE.

23. IV. PROGRAMS AND ACTIVITIES UNDER DISASTER PREPAREDNESS
Module Objectives
IV. PROGRAMS AND ACTIVITIES UNDER DISASTER PREPAREDNESS
HERE ARE SOME OF THE PROGRAMS AND ACTIVITIES UNDER DISASTER PREPAREDNESS.

24. Conducting Drills and Exercises
ONE IS THE CONDUCT OF DRILLS AND EXERCISES ON DRRM.

25. Stockpiling and Prepositioning
STOCKPILING AND PREPOSITIONING OF RESOURCES IS ALSO IMPORTANT.

26. Information and Education Campaigns
WE ALSO HAVE VARIOUS FORMS OF INFORMATION AND EDUCATION CAMPAIGNS SUCH AS THE DISTRIBUTION OF LEAFLETS AND FLYERS. AT OCD, WE HAVE THE PROJECT DINA OR DISASTER INFORMATION FOR NATIONWIDE AWARENESS, WHICH CONTAINS A COLLECTION OF VIDEOS ABOUT WHAT TO DO BEFORE, DURING AND AFTER DISASTERS. WE ALSO HAVE THE BATINGAW APPLICATION FOR SMART PHONES, WHICH CONTAINS USEFUL INFORMATION AND TOOLS ON DRRM.

27. Organizing and Capacitating the Council
ALSO, IT IS IMPORTANT TO ORGANIZE AND CAPACITATE THE DRRM COUNCIL MEMBERS, FROM THE NATIONAL DOWN TO LOCAL LEVELS, INCLUDING DISASTER VOLUNTEERS, NON-GOVERNMENT ORGANIZATIONS AND THE PRIVATE SECTOR.

28. Training
WE ALSO HAVE THE PARTICIPATION IN VARIOUS TYPES OF TRAINING SUCH AS SEARCH AND RESCUE TRAINING, FIRST AID TRAINING AND THE INCIDENT COMMAND SYSTEM.

29. Formulation and Development of Plans
OF COURSE, ANOTHER EXAMPLE IS THE FORMULATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF DISASTER PREPAREDNESS PLANS.

30. V. NATIONAL DRRM PLAN AND OTHER PLANS
Module Objectives
V. NATIONAL DRRM PLAN AND OTHER PLANS
NOW LET US PROCEED TO THE NATIONAL DRRM PLAN AND OTHER PLANS.

31. NATIONAL DRRM PLAN (2011-2028) OTHER PLANS
NATIONAL DISASTER PREVENTION AND MITIGATION PLAN
NATIONAL DISASTER PREPAREDNESS PLAN
NATIONAL DISASTER RESPONSE PLAN
NATIONAL DISASTER REHAB AND RECOVERY FRAMEWORK AND PLAN
For Hydromet Hazards
For Earthquake & Tsunami
OTHER PLANS
SHOWN IN THE SLIDE ARE THE DIFFERENT KINDS OF PLANS. UNDER THE NATIONAL DRRM PLAN ARE DISASTER PREVENTION AND MITIGATION PLAN, DISASTER PREPAREDNESS PLAN, DISASTER RESPONSE PLAN, AND DISASTER REHABILITATION AND RECOVERY FRAMEWORK AND PLAN. WE ALSO HAVE OTHER TYPES OF PLANS SUCH AS THE CONTINGENCY PLAN AND OPERATIONS PLAN.
CONTINGENCY PLAN
OPERATIONS PLAN

32. National DRRM Plan A road map from 2011 to 2028 on how DRRM shall:
contribute to gender responsive and rights based sustainable development,
promote inclusive growth,
build adaptive communities,
increase resilience of vulnerable sectors
optimize disaster mitigation opportunities to promote people welfare and institutions
AS WAS INTRODUCED IN THE EARLIER SLIDE, THE NDRRMC HAS THE NATIONAL DRRM PLAN. IT IS BASICALLY A ROAD MAP FROM 2011 TO 2028 ON HOW DRRM SHALL CONTRIBUTE TO GENDER RESPONSIVE AND RIGHTS BASED SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, PROMOTE INCLUSIVE GROWTH, BUILD ADAPTIVE COMMUNITIES, INCREASE RESILIENCE OF VULNERABLE SECTORS AND OPTIMIZE DISASTER MITIGATION OPPORTUNITIES TO PROMOTE PEOPLE WELFARE AND INSTITUTIONS.

33. National DRRM Plan (cont’n)
THE NATIONAL DRRM PLAN IS COMPOSED OF FOUR PRIORITY AREAS WITH FO

34. NATIONAL DRRM PLAN REGIONAL DRRM PLANS LOCAL DRRM PLANS
THE NATIONAL DRRM PLAN IS COMPLEMENTED BY REGIONAL DRRM PLANS BY THE REGIONAL DRRM COUNCILS AND THE LOCAL DRRM PLANS BY THE LOCAL DRRM COUNCILS FROM PROVINCIAL DOWN TO BARANGAY LEVELS. TOGETHER, THESE DRRM PLANS WORK TOGETHER TO ENSURE A COMPREHENSIVE DISASTER PREPAREDNESS ROAD MAP FOR THE COUNTRY.

35. National Disaster Response Plan
Guide of NDRRMC Member Agencies in preparing agency-level Response Plan
Based on actual experiences and observations of national agencies involved in the response operations done for disasters from
JUST THIS YEAR, WE HAVE FORMULATED THE NATIONAL DISASTER RESPONSE PLAN, WHICH FURTHER OPERATIONALIZES THE NDRRM PLAN, FOCUSING ON RESPONSE. THIS PLAN IS THE GUIDE OF NDRRMC MEMBER AGENCIES IN PREPARING AGENCY-LEVEL RESPONSE ACTIVITIES. IT IS BASED ON ACTUAL EXPERIENCES AND OBSERVATIONS OF NATIONAL AGENCIES INVOLVED IN THE RESPONSE OPERATIONS DONE FOR DISASTERS FROM

36. NDRP IN PERSPECTIVE
HERE IS THE LINK OF THE NDRP TO RA AND THE NDRRM PLAN. IT CAN BE SEEN IN THE FLOW CHART THAT THE RA WAS TRANSLATED INTO THE NDRRMP PROVIDING A FRAMEWORK FOR THE FOUR THEMATIC AREAS
UNDER THE RESPONSE THEMATIC AREA, THE NDRP WAS PREPARED AS A STRATEGIC PLAN OF THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT.

37. Organizational Structure under the NDRP
Chairperson, NDRRMC
Vice Chairperson for Response (DSWD)
DepEd
DOH
DND-OCD
DTI
DILG
WASH, Health, Nutrition, & Psychosocial Services
Logistics Support Coordination
Emergency Livelihood
Management of the Dead and Missing (MDM)
Education
SHOWN IN THE SLIDE IS THE AGREED ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE OF THE NDRRMC THAT WILL BE ACTIVATED FOR MAJOR DISASTER RESPONSE OPERATIONS. THE CHAIRPERSON IS THE SECRETARY OF NATIONAL DEFENSE, WITH THE SECRETARY OF DSWD AS THE VICE CHAIRPERSON FOR DISASTER RESPONSE. UNDER IT ARE THE DIFFERENT GOVERNMENT AGENCIES HEADING THE DIFFERENT RESPONSE CLUSTERS.
DSWD
DND-AFP
DOST
DFA
FNI Cluster
Search, Rescue & Retrieval
Emergency Telecom Support Coordination
Humanitarian Services
IDP Protection
Camp Coordination, and Management

38. Contingency Plan
Contingency Plan is a forward plan in a state of uncertainty in which:
scenarios and objectives are agreed,
managerial and technical actions defined,
potential response systems put in place
in order to prevent, or better respond to, an emergency or critical situation.
ANOTHER EXAMPLE OF PLAN IS THE CONTINGENCY PLAN. CONTINGENCY PLAN IS A FORWARD PLAN IN A STATE OF UNCERTAINTY IN WHICH: SCENARIOS AND OBJECTIVES ARE AGREED, MANAGERIAL AND TECHNICAL ACTIONS DEFINED, AND POTENTIAL RESPONSE SYSTEMS PUT IN PLACE IN ORDER TO PREVENT, OR BETTER RESPOND TO, AN EMERGENCY OR CRITICAL SITUATION.

39. Contingency Plan (cont’n)
Uses of Contingency Plan:
to predict a specific disaster in a locality (worst case scenario)
to prevent its effects
to reduce its impact
to respond
to cope with the consequences
A CONTINGENCY PLAN IS INTENDED FOR A CERTAIN TYPE OF DISASTER. ITS USES ARE AS TO PREDICT A SPECIFIC WORST CASE SCENARIO OF A DISASTER, TO PREVENT ITS EFFECTS, TO REDUCE ITS IMPACTS, TO RESPOND AND TO COPE WITH THE CONSEQUENCES.

40. Operations Plan Also called Incident Action Plan
Formulated and implemented immediately (on-scene)
Used to address a specific incident within a specific time frame
Contents are actual and precise
ANOTHER EXAMPLE OF PLAN IS THE OPERATIONS PLAN, WHICH IS ALSO CALLED TO AS THE INCIDENT ACTION PLAN. UNLIKE THE DRRM PLAN AND THE CONTINGENCY PLAN, AN OPERATIONAL PLAN IS FORMULATED AND IMPLEMENTED IMMEDIATELY. IT IS USED TO ADDRESS A SPECIFIC INCIDENT WITHIN A SPECIFIC TIME FRAME. ITS CONTENTS ARE ACTUAL AND PRECISE.

41. Planning Period (annual, bi-annual, etc)
Aspects
DRRM Planning
Contingency
Planning
Operations
When to Do
Planning Period (annual, bi-annual, etc)
Before Emergency (normally done after EWS or before a planned event)
Immediately following the emergency to include on-scene incident action planning
Scope of Plan
General; covers the four priority components-Prevention & Mitigation, Preparedness, Response and Rehabilitation and Recovery
Specific; with time frame for some events/hazards
More specific
Focus
All hazards
Specific hazard, projected in a worst case scenario
Actual disaster operations
Duration and Style
Short, medium & long-term-term and globally attuned
Specific time frame, Local
Actual
Allocation
Estimated
Quantified
Precise
Planning Level
All DRRMC Levels
Managerial level
Actual/On-site or field level
Plan Execution
Annual, Bi-Annual, etc.
Specific (but uncertain); Developing
Executed right time, fixed
Relationships
Long-term
Developing
Utilizing
HERE IS A MATRIX SHOWING THE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN DRRM PLANNING, CONTINGENCY PLANNING AND OPERATIONS PLANNING. IT CAN BE OBSERVED THAT THE THREE TYPES OF PLANS FOLLOW DISTINCT APPROACHES, AND METHODS, USE DIFFERENT FORMATS, AND ARE APPLICABLE TO CERTAIN SITUATIONS. ALTOGETHER, THESE PLANS ARE USEFUL IN DISASTER PREPAREDNESS.

42. BEFORE I END MY PRESENTATION, I WOULD LIKE TO SHARE THIS QUOTE FROM THE MOTIVATIONAL SPEAKER MR HARVEY MACKAY, THAT IS, “IF YOU FAIL TO PLAN, THEN YOU PLAN TO FAIL”. TRUE ENOUGH, WE SHOULD ALWAYS PLAN AHEAD AND PREPARE FOR DISASTERS THAT WE MAY ENCOUNTER.

43. Module Objectives
THANK YOU!
THANK YOU.