1. Future Defence Aviation Safety Regulation Module 1 Introduction to EMAR
May 2015

2. Module 1 – Introduction to EMAR
Scope
Module 1 – Introduction to EMAR
EASA and EDA
EMAR Structure
Resultant Organisation Structure
Key Definitions
Future Direction of EMAR
Aerospace and Defence Industries Association of Europe

3. European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA)
Introduction to EASA and EDA
European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA)
What is EASA?
EASA responsibilities include:
Expert advice to the EU for drafting new legislation
Implementing and monitoring safety rules, including inspections in the Member States
Type-certification of aircraft and components, as well as the approval of organisations involved in the design, manufacture and maintenance of aeronautical products
Authorisation of third-country (non-EU) operators
Safety analysis and research

4. Introduction to EASA and EDA
EDA Overview
European Defence Agency (EDA) formed 2004
Primary Role: To foster European defence cooperation
Created Military Airworthiness Authorities (MAWA) 2008
Develop an EU military regulatory framework
All EU member states take part in EDA except Denmark
Non-EU participation
Norway (non EU member) granted an opt-in to participate in EDA programmes

5. European Military Airworthiness Requirements (EMAR)
Requirements vs Regulations
Responsibility of each member state (such as Aust Defence) to implement the requirements into own national military airworthiness regulations
Derived from EASA
~95% common
Contemporary ICAO based
Hazard / Outcomes based
Positively promotes interoperability (mutual recognition)
Designed for multi-nation adoption

6. EMAR Structure

7. Airworthiness Definition
EMAR definition of airworthiness
The ability of an aircraft, or other airborne equipment or system, to operate in flight and on ground without significant hazard to aircrew, ground-crew, passengers (where relevant) or to other third parties.
Derived from UK MOD JSP 553 Military Airworthiness Requirements
Consistent with EASA use of this term and ICAO definition of “Airworthy”
The status of an aircraft, engine, propeller or part when it conforms to its approved design and is in a condition for safe operation

8. Initial vs Continuing Airworthiness
EMAR Structure
Initial vs Continuing Airworthiness
Initial Airworthiness:
Type Design
Certification
Production
Design changes post initial type certification
Continuing Airworthiness:
All of the processes ensuring that the aircraft:
complies with airworthiness requirements
is in condition for safe operation
Continued (design) airworthiness. All tasks to be carried-out to verify that the conditions under which a type-certificate or a supplemental type-certificate has been granted continue to be fulfilled at any time during its period of validity.
Continuing airworthiness. All of the processes ensuring that, at any time in its operating life, the aircraft complies with the airworthiness requirements in force and is in a condition for safe operation.

9. EMAR Structure

10. European Harmonized Military Airworthiness Basic Framework Document
EMAR Structure
European Harmonized Military Airworthiness Basic Framework Document
History / rationale of EMAR
Defines role and functions of Military Airworthiness Authority (MAWA) forum
Defines commitment of national military airworthiness authorities
Implementation requirements
Airworthiness
Recognition
European Harmonized Military Airworthiness Basic Framework Document clarifies the principles of a common approach to military Airworthiness. The BFD defines the role and functions of the Military Airworthiness Authorities (MAWA) Forum and the commitment of national military airworthiness authorities.

11. EMAR Structure

12. EMAR 21 EMAR Structure Initial Airworthiness
Scope: Includes aircraft (or other airborne equipment or system) and related products, parts and appliances
Design (cradle to grave concept)
Certification of new type
Major / Minor change to existing type design
Airworthiness Instruments
Production
Organisational approvals for design and production
EMAR 21: Initial Airworthiness - establishes the criteria for the certification of military aircraft and related products, parts and appliances, and design and production organisations, It details the requirements related to the initial airworthiness of Military aircraft. In particular it covers the certification of either a new type, or a change to an existing type, its design and related activities.

13. EMAR Structure

14. EMAR M EMAR Structure Continuing Airworthiness Requirements
Develop, control and coordinate a maintenance programme including any reliability program
Ensure that all applicable airworthiness directives and operational directives with a continuing airworthiness impact, are applied
Ensure identified defects are corrected
Manage and archive all continuing airworthiness records and/or operator’s technical log.
Ensure ongoing validity of individual aircraft certificate of airworthiness
Notify occurrences of unsafe condition to the Authority, Type Certificate Holder
EMAR M: Continuing Airworthiness Requirements - establishes the measures to be taken to ensure that airworthiness is preserved, including maintenance. It also specifies the conditions to be met by the persons or organisations involved in such continuing airworthiness management.

15. EMAR Structure

16. Requirements for Maintenance Organisations
EMAR Structure
EMAR 145
Requirements for Maintenance Organisations
To conduct maintenance of aircraft and components
EMAR 145: Requirements for Maintenance Organisations - establishes the requirements to be met by an organisation to conduct maintenance of aircraft and components.

17. EMAR Structure

18. EMAR 66 and EMAR 147 EMAR Structure
EMAR Pt 66 - Military Aircraft Maintenance Licensing
Establishes education requirements and training for aircraft maintenance personnel
EMAR Pt147 - Aircraft Maintenance Training Organisations
establishes the requirements to be met by organisations seeking approval to conduct aircraft maintenance training and examination.
EMAR 66: Military Aircraft Maintenance Licensing - establishes the education and training requirements for aircraft maintenance personnel.

19. Full EMAR doc suite EMAR Structure
European Harmonized Military Airworthiness Basic Framework
European Military Airworthiness Document – Recognition (EMAD R)
Defines recognition processes
European Military Airworthiness Document – Definitions and Acronyms Document (EMAD 1)
Defines key terms
Initial Airworthiness
EMAR Part 21
European Military Airworthiness Certification Criteria
Airworthiness Code (based on MILHDBK 516B)
Continuing Airworthiness
EMAR Parts 145 / M / 66 / 147
EMAR 66: Military Aircraft Maintenance Licensing - establishes the education and training requirements for aircraft maintenance personnel.

20. Full EMAR doc suite EMAR Structure
European Harmonized Military Airworthiness Basic Framework
European Military Airworthiness Document – Recognition (EMAD R)
Defines recognition processes
European Military Airworthiness Document – Definitions and Acronyms Document (EMAD 1)
Defines key terms
Initial Airworthiness
EMAR Part 21
European Military Airworthiness Certification Criteria
Airworthiness Code (based on MILHDBK 516B)
Continuing Airworthiness
EMAR Parts 145 / M / 66 / 147
EMAR 66: Military Aircraft Maintenance Licensing - establishes the education and training requirements for aircraft maintenance personnel.

21. EMAR – Section A and B Requirements
EMAR Structure
EMAR – Section A and B Requirements
Section A
Pertains to the regulated community
Section B
Pertains to the regulator (eg DGTA)
Purpose is to facilitate easy interoperability (mutual recognition) between nations using EMAR and with civil aviation (EASA and FAA based)
Regulatory audience
both EMAR and TAREG have a different audience and therefore perspective
EMAR: Written to ‘the Authority’ (eg. DGTA) for implementation
TAREGs: Written by DGTA for the regulated
Regulatory latitude
EMAR have ‘built in’ flexibilities
TAREGs have an ‘exemptions regulation’

22. EASA/EMAR- Acceptable Means of Compliance & Guidance Material
EMAR Structure
EASA/EMAR- Acceptable Means of Compliance & Guidance Material
Regulations are binding
AMC and GM considered “soft law”
Acceptable Means of Compliance (AMC)
non-exclusive means of demonstrating compliance with airworthiness codes or implementing rules
Provided for each EMAR part (21, 145, M, 66, 147)
Guidance Material (GM)
assist in the understanding of the regulation, and certification standards

23. Organisational Responsibilities
Resultant Organisational Structure
Organisational Responsibilities
Part 21J – Design Organisation
Initial design and changes to type design
Provide approved designs to CAMO
Part 21G – Production organisation
Production of aeronautical product
Maintain production organisation in conformity with approved data and procedures
Provide statement of conformity
Part M - Continuing Airworthiness Management Organisation (CAMO)
Individual aircraft Configuration Management
Fleet maintenance planning
Management/approval of modification / repairs onto individual aircraft
Maintenance system – including Release to Service
Airworthiness reviews – product configuration sampling
Part Maintenance Organisation
Maintenance of aircraft and components (inclusive of repair embodiment)

24. Key Definitions Key Definitions Airworthiness Airworthiness Codes
Authority
Airworthiness Directive (AD)
Certificate of Release to Service
Certification
Continued (design) airworthiness
Continuing airworthiness
Derogation
Exposition
Fit for Flight
Military Type Certificate (MTC)
Military Restricted Type Certificate (MRTC)
Military Supplemental Type Certificate
Products, Parts and Appliances
Repair
Special Conditions
Type Certification Basis
Type Certificate Holder
Type Design
KEY DEFINITIONS
Source: EMAD 1 – Definitions and acronyms document Edn 1.1, 23 May 13
Airworthiness. The ability of an aircraft, or other airborne equipment or system, to operate in flight and on ground without significant hazard to aircrew, ground-crew, passengers (where relevant) or to other third parties.
Initial airworthiness
Airworthiness Codes. Product airworthiness requirements, applicable to the design of a product, that are approved by a competent airworthiness authority for the use with standardised aircraft categories (e.g. EASA CS, FAA FAR, STANAG, Def-STAN, etc.).
Authority. Unless otherwise defined in specific EMAR, Authority means a National Military Airworthiness Authority responsible for the airworthiness of military aircraft hereto and "the Authorities" means all the military Authorities responsible for airworthiness hereto.
Airworthiness Directive (AD). A document issued or adopted by the authority which mandates actions to be performed on an aircraft to restore an acceptable level of safety, when evidence shows that the safety level of this aircraft may otherwise be compromised. (ref. EMAR 21)
Certificate of Release to Service. This is a statement, signed by an appropriately authorised person, on behalf of an approved organisation, which asserts that maintenance has been properly carried-out. The CRS contains the basic details of the maintenance carried out, the date that it was completed and the identity (may include an authorisation stamp) of the person issuing the certificate.
Certification. Recognition that a product, part or appliance, organisation or person complies with the applicable airworthiness requirements followed by the declaration of compliance.
Continued (design) airworthiness. All tasks to be carried-out to verify that the conditions under which a type-certificate or a supplemental type-certificate has been granted continue to be fulfilled at any time during its period of validity.
Continuing airworthiness. All of the processes ensuring that, at any time in its operating life, the aircraft complies with the airworthiness requirements in force and is in a condition for safe operation.
Derogation. Built in exemptions.
Exposition. Management plan. The document or documents that contain the material specifying the scope of work deemed to constitute approval and showing how the organisation complies with an EMAR.
Fit for Flight. Condition of a type design being certified as compliant with applicable airworthiness requirements as well as of an aircraft having been serviced and inspected as meeting the certified design and prepared for the intended flight.
Military Type Certificate (MTC). Recognition that a product complies with the applicable airworthiness requirements.
Military Supplemental Type Certificate. A document issued or endorsed by the Authority which certifies a major change to the type design by an organisation other than original design organisation.
Products, Parts and Appliances
Product = aircraft, engine or propeller (each can be granted with a TC),
Parts and appliances = lower level components for which an ETSO/TSO may exist.
Repair. A 'repair' means the elimination of damage and/or restoration to an airworthy condition following initial release into service by the manufacturer of any product, part or appliance.
Special Conditions. Are introduced when the design features of a particular product or the experience in operation render any of the airworthiness code provisions inadequate or inappropriate to ensure conformity with essential requirements.
Type Certificate Holder. The organisation responsible for the relevant Type Design and applying for, and then holding, the Type Certificate and accepting the rights and obligations for the product.
Type Certification Basis. An agreed set of airworthiness requirements a product must be compliant with in order to obtain a Type Certificate. For more details see EMAR 21.
Type Design. The minimum set of approved design information necessary to define the product type; as detailed in 21A.31.

25. Future Direction of EMAR
Introduction of EMAR M
Implementation of Safety Management into EMAR145/147/M
Implementation of Safety Management and Human Factors (beyond what is embedded within airworthiness certification codes) into EMAR 21
Auditing for effectiveness
Performance Based Oversight

26. Current Vs Proposed Org Approvals
Current Approval
Issued By
AEO (TAREG 3)
TAR
AMO (TAREG 4 & 5)
DASR Approval
Issued By
Military Air Operator[1]
Defence AA
Part 21 – Design (J) & Production (G)
DGTA
Part M – Continuing Airworthiness
Part 145 – Maintenance
Part 147 – Maintenance Training[2]
[1] Awarded through the issue of a Military Air Operator Certificate (MAOC)
[2] To be confirmed

27. Aerospace and Defence Industries Association of Europe
Prefer adoption (rather than adaption) of EMAR by participating member states
Maintain and maximise consistency (alignment) with EASA during EMAR evolution process
Recommended extension of EMAR to cover:
Air Traffic Management
Flying Operations
Operational Suitability Data
Operation of Military Aircraft by Civil Organisations in both Development and Service Environments
Safety Management System in order to cover the overall scope of military aviation regulations,
Accident and Incident Investigations and
The Management of Safety

28. Questions/Discussion?