1. Basic Concepts for APA Style: How to Implement it Efficiently
Deanna Hanson-Abromeit
Conservatory of Music and Dance
Bob Schubert
Faculty Center for Excellence in Teaching

2. Objectives Word Based Tools Paper Format Paper Sections Resources
Questions

3. Using Word and APA Word 2007 Endnote
Formats reference list and insertion of citations citation
Endnote
Bibliographic software
Users can search, retrieve, and store citations directly from database

4. Paper Format 8 ½ X 11 paper, one sided 12 pt Times Roman or Courier
Double spaced
At least 1 inch margins – top, bottom, left, right
Paragraphs indentation of ½ inch tab or 5-7 spaces
Exceptions: abstract & block quotations

5. Paper Format Page Numbers Manuscript page headers Punctuation
Number consecutively
Begin with title page
Upper right hand edge
At least 1 inch from edge
Manuscript page headers
Identifier of manuscript pages
First 2 or 3 words of title
Right hand corner above or 5 spaces before page number
Punctuation
One space - periods and minus signs
No space – internal periods (e.g., U.S., p.m.), hyphens, colons in ratios

6. Paper Sections Sections Title Page Abstract Text References Appendices
Footnotes & Notes
Tables
Figures
` Found it easiest to format the paper at the beginning of the writing process

7. Title Page Running Head for Publication Title Byline and Affiliation
Abbreviated title used for publication
50 characters max
Flush left at the top of title page (below manuscript page header)
ALL CAPS
Title
Centered; upper half of the page
If more than one line, double space
Byline and Affiliation
In order of contribution
Centered
One double-space below title
Authors from same institution type names on same line with affiliation below

8. Abstract Begin on a new page
Manuscript Header and Page 2 in upper right hand corner of page
Label page Abstract, centered at top of page
Block paragraph form
Not to exceed 120 words
Type all numbers as Arabic numerals

9. Text Start on a new page; page number 3
Title of paper centered at the top of the page
Double-space
Begin text
No page breaks between sections
All pages have the manuscript page header and the page number

10. Headers – One to Five Levels
Centered Uppercase and Lowercase Heading Method Flush left, italicized, upper & lower case side heading Participants Indented, italicized, lowercase paragraph heading ending with a period Description of groups.

11. In-text Citations Single Reference Citation
Author last name and year of publication; separated by a comma
e.g. (Hanson-Abromeit, 2009)
Multiple Reference Citation
Semi-colon (;) to separate multiple references for a single citation
Alphabetical order
e.g. (Hanson-Abromeit, 2009; Schubert, 2009)
3-5 authors, list all last names first time; subsequent citations are listed under first author followed by et al. and publication year
6 or more authors
Last name first author et al., publication year
e.g. (Hanson-Abromeit et al., 2009)

12. In-text Citations Book chapter Web site and electronic references
Chapter author, comma (,) year of publication
Web site and electronic references
Author name (if available) and year
Unknown author use page title or first couple of words of paragraph
Unknown year use n.d.
Refer to APA Style Guide to Electronic Resources
Subsequent citation in same paragraph
Author(s) name only; no date
Author and date included in subsequent paragraphs

13. References Start on a new page; page number in upper right corner
Title page, centered at top of page
References
Double space
Hanging indent format
Components of a reference:
Philbin, M. K., & Evans, J. B. (2006). Standards for the acoustic environment of the newborn ICU. Journal of Perinatology, 26, S27–S30.

14. Appendixes Each Appendix started on a separate page
Label each page, centered, at top
Appendix
Use letters to identify the Appendix if more than one
Appendix A
Appendix B
Label appendix tables to correspond with the appendix
Table B1

15. Footnotes & Notes Author Note Content & Copyright Permission Footnotes
For blind review the author note should be place on the title page
Separate page, center label Author Note
Double spaced
Content & Copyright Permission Footnotes
Superscript Arabic numerals in text
New page, label Footnotes, center
Type all content of footnotes (do not use the automatic function as it may not translate accurately)

16. Tables Numbered consecutively as they appear in text
Identified by the word Table and an arabic numeral, flush left; table title below label
Table 1
Participant Comments
Double space
Begin each table on a separate page
Center column heads over column; if a multiple pages are necessary repeat column heads

17. Figures and Figure Captions
Numbered consecutively as they appear in text
Identified by the word Figure and an arabic numeral, outside of the figure image or on the back
Be sure to include the manuscript page header outside of the figure image or on the back
Indicate the word TOP if orientation is not obvious
Each figure must have a caption; captions are listed on a separate page, placed prior to the figures
Figure 1. Discography of recorded music

18. Resources
Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association. (5th ed.) (2001). Washington, D.C.: American Psychological Association ?doc_id=796 APA Style Guide to Electronic Resources available from

19. Questions?