1. Anatomy and Physiology, Sixth Edition
Rod R. Seeley Idaho State University
Trent D. Stephens Idaho State University
Philip Tate Phoenix College
Chapter 10
Lecture Outline*
*See PowerPoint Image Slides for all figures and tables pre-inserted into PowerPoint without notes.
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

2. Muscular System Gross Anatomy
Chapter 10
Muscular System Gross Anatomy

3. General Principles Tendons: Attach muscles to bones Muscles
Aponeurosis: A very broad tendon
Muscles
Origin or head: Muscle end attached to more stationary of two bones
Insertion: Muscle end attached to bone with greatest movement
Belly: Largest portion of the muscle between origin and insertion
Synergists: Muscles that work together to cause a movement
Prime mover: Plays major role in accomplishing movement
Agonist: Muscle causing an action when contracts
Antagonist: A muscle working in opposition to agonist
Fixators: Stabilize joint/s crossed by the prime mover

4. Muscle Shapes

5. Muscle Shapes

6. Nomenclature Muscles are named according to:
Location: pectoralis gluteus, brachial
Size: maximus, minimus, longus, brevis
Shape: deltoid, quadratus, teres
Orientation: rectus
Origin and insertion: sternocleidomastoid, brachioradialis
Number of heads: biceps, triceps
Function: abductor, adductor, masseter

7. Muscle Movements
Muscle contractions are a pull or force by relative positions of
Lever: Rigid shaft or bone
Fulcrum: Pivot point or joint
Weight or resistance

8. Classes of Levers Class I Class II Class III
Fulcrum between force and weight
Seesaw or head movement
Class II
Weight is between fulcrum and pull
Wheelbarrow, standing on toes
Class III
Pull located between fulcrum and weight
Person using a shovel
Most common

9. Muscle Anatomy: Anterior View

10. Muscle Anatomy: Posterior View

11. Muscles of the Neck

12. Muscles of Facial Expression

13. Muscles of Mastication

14. Muscles of Respiration

15. Muscles of the Abdominal Wall

16. Muscles of Pelvic Floor and Perineum

17. Muscles of the Arm

18. Muscles of the Forearm

19. Muscles of the Thigh

20. Muscles of the Leg

21. Muscles of the Leg

22. Muscles of the Foot