1. Ch. 4 Study Guide Answers

2. Matching E.
rock that cools below the Earth’s surface

3. Matching B.
metamorphic rock in which mineral grains are NOT arranged in bands

4. Matching C.
rock that cools at the Earth’s surface

5. Matching A.
process in which layers in sedimentary rock are formed

6. Matching D.
layers found in sedimentary rocks

7. Sedimentary rock is formed through the process of __cementation_____.

8. How did humans use rocks in the past?
To make tools

9. What are the main categories of sedimentary rock?
Clastic, chemical, organic

10. What has to increase for metamorphism to occur?
Temperature and pressure

11. What kind of metamorphic rock has its mineral grains arranged in planes or bands?
Foliated

12. When magma cools quickly, what kind of texture does rock have?
Fine-grained

13. When temperature and pressure change, what can happen to the minerals in rocks?
They change into minerals that are more stable.

14. During the rock cycle, what forms when magma cools? Igneous rock

15. What is the process in which water, wind, and heat break down rock?
Weathering

16. Besides clastic and chemical, what is the other kind of sedimentary rock?
Organic

17. Besides texture, how else are rocks classified?
By their composition

18. What do scientists call the rock that is formed when magma cools below the Earth’s surface?
Intrusive igneous rock

19. The process in which rocks change shape is called ____deformation _________.

20. Matching D.
the quality of a rock based on size and shape of the mineral grains

21. Matching A.
process in which sediment is dropped and comes to rest

22. Matching E.
process by which new rock is made from old rock

23. Matching F.
the chemical makeup of a rock

24. Matching B.
process by which sediment is removed from its source

25. Matching C.
naturally occurring solid mixture of one or more minerals and organic matter

26. Constructed Response
Explain how minerals contribute to rock composition.
A mineral is solid, nonliving, crystal-shaped, and formed in nature, and a rock is made up of 1 or more minerals. Rock is formed from 1 or more minerals and can become a sedimentary rock (weathering and erosion), igneous rock (magma), or metamorphic rock (heat and pressure).