1. Sound and Light
The Nature of Light
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2. Constructive and Destructive Interference
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3. Light Can Be Modeled As a Wave
Light Diffracts like a wave
Light also reflects and refracts
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4. Max Planck and Albert Einstein
Nobel prize winners in physics
Discovered that light, which usually travels in waves, sometimes behaves as if it were made up of a stream of small quantities, or quanta, of energy
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5. Photon
Small unit of light energy or electromagnetic radiation. “Packets”
No mass, bundle of energy.
The energy, E, of a photon is calculated using the equation E = hu,
Where h is Planck's constant and u is the frequency of the light.
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6. Atoms Emit Energy As Photons
Absorbs Energy
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7. Sometimes Light is modeled as a Stream of Particles
Explains why light can travel through the vacuum of space
Light can knock electrons off a metal plate
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8. Light Has a Dual Nature Duality
Different characteristics depending on the situation
Scientists use different models depending on what they are studying
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9. Photon Self-identity Problems
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10. Energy of Light Is Proportional to Frequency
Light is a form of energy.
The energy, E, of a photon is E = hu,
Where h is Planck's constant and u is the frequency of the light.
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11. The Speed of Light In a vacuum it is called ‘c’ Depends on the medium
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12. ½ of a millionth of a second
Where you are:
Source of light:
Time to get there:
Home Plate
Outfield fence 125m (410ft)
½ of a millionth of a second
Soccer goal
Other goal 100m (328ft)
1/3 of a millionth of a second
Earth
Moon 376,280km 233,810 miles
1 ¼ seconds
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13. Proxima Centauri, the nearest star 41,000,000,000,000 km 4 1/3 years
Where you are:
Source of light:
Time to get there:
Earth
Sun 150,000,000 km (93,000,000 miles)
8 1/3 minutes
Proxima Centauri, the nearest star 41,000,000,000,000 km
4 1/3 years
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14. The Brightness of Light Depends on the Intensity
The rate at which light energy flows through a given area of space is referred to as its intensity.
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15. The Brightness of Light Depends on the Intensity
Light waves spread out spherically from the source
Therefore intensity will drop as distance increases
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16. Exploring the Electromagnetic Spectrum
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17. Radar System that uses reflected radio waves
Determine distance, location, shape and speed
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18. Sound and Light 12.3 Reflection and Color Sound and Light
Physics For Scientists And Engineers
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19. Light Can Be Modeled As a Ray
Light ray is a model of light
Represents light traveling through space in an imaginary straight line
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20. When Light Rays Reflect off a Smooth Surface, They Are Reflected in the Same Direction.
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21. When Light Rays Reflect off a Rough Surface, They Scatter in Many Different Directions.
Diffuse reflection
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22. The Law of Reflection
States that when light rays reflect off a surface the angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection.
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23. The Law of Reflection Ө = Angle of Ө’ = Angle of incidence reflection
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24. Normal
The theoretical line perpendicular to the surface where light hits a mirror.
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25. Virtual Image
An image that results from an apparent path of light rays
Appears behind a mirror
Or in front of a lens
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26. Flat Mirror
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27. Real Image
Light rays really exist at the point where the image appears.
Appears in front of a mirror.
Or through a lens.
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28. Concave and Convex Mirrors
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29. Concave Mirrors
Can create real images
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30. Fun House Mirrors
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31. Reflection of Green Light by Leaves
Life Science, Holt Science and Technology, California edition, Holt Rinehart and Winston, San Francisco, 2001
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32. Seeing Color
Objects have color because they reflect certain wavelengths of light
The object absorbs all the other colors
Your brain interprets each wavelength as color
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33. Colored Filters
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34. You look at a red tulip, with green leaves, under green light
You look at a red tulip, with green leaves, under green light. What would you see?
A black flower with green leaves
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35. The Primary Colors of Light and Pigment
Light Pigment
Additive
Subtractive
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36. Primary Colors of Printing
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37. What are the True Colors?
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38. Sound and Light

39. Refraction, Lenses and Prisms
Sound and Light 12.4
Refraction, Lenses and Prisms
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40. Refraction Bending of light rays From one medium to another
Due to changing speeds
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41. When light moves from a material in which its speed is higher to a material in which its speed is lower, it is…
Bent toward the normal.
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42. The ray is bent away from the normal
If a light moves from a material in which its speed is lower to one in which its speed is higher,
The ray is bent away from the normal
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43. Refraction in the Atmosphere
Creates mirages
Are a virtual image
Heat leads to diffraction that bends the light toward the sky
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44. Total Internal Reflection
Light enters one end of a fiber optic cable and exits the other end
Complete reflection
Between two mediums
Angle of incidence exceeds the critical angle
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45. Convex Lens
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46. Convex Lens
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47. Convex Lens
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48. Concave Lens
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49. diverging lenses Concave Len.
It bends light outward and can only create a virtual image.
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50. The Eye
the cornea is responsible for the largest percentage of light refraction
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51. Camera
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52. Prism
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53. Dispersion
The effect in which white light separates into different colors
Due to changes in wave speed of the different colors
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54. White Light contains all the colors of the rainbow
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55. Rainbows
Caused by dispersion
And internal reflection
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56. Sound and Light

57. Harmonics, Amplitude Law of reflection Real image, virtual image
Study Guide
Pitch of a sound  
Cornea
Harmonics,  Amplitude Law of reflection  
Real image, virtual image
Diverging lens  
Electromagnetic spectrum
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58. Intensity, sound and light Resonance particle and wave models of light
energy of a photon
Diffuse reflection  
Color, frequency
 Refraction, normal
 total internal reflection. 
Prism and differences in wave speed  
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59. 6. An orange looks orange because it a
6. An orange looks orange because it a. reflects orange light and absorbs other colors.
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60. a. bent toward the normal.
7. When light moves from a material in which its speed is higher to a material in which its speed is lower, it is
a. bent toward the normal.
28. If a light moves from a material in which its speed is lower to one in which its speed is higher, the ray is bent away from the normal
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61. 9. Which structure within eye?
b. the cornea is responsible for the largest percentage of refraction of light
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62. c. relative intensity of different harmonics in each note.
12. The unique sound quality of a clarinet or a violin is caused by the
c. relative intensity of different harmonics in each note.
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63. 18. A virtual image caused by reflection of light in the atmosphere is called
d. a mirage.
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64. a. differences in wave speed.
10. White light breaks up into different colors when it passes through a prism because of
a. differences in wave speed.
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65. Sound and Light