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Necessary materials: PowerPoint Guide Teacher Information!
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Fish and Wildlife Requirements Fish and Wildlife Resources
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Students will be able to… Define terms associated with wildlife Discuss wildlife needs and uses
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What are examples of… Domestic species? Feral species? Exotic species? Game species?
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Different species of species… Domestic species—an animal under human control Feral species—a once domesticated animal that now lives as a wild species Exotic species—an animal or plant that is not native to its current location.
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Different species of species… Game species—An animal that is hunted for meat, hide or sport.
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Different species of species… Migratory species—An animal that moves long distances to reach new habitat. Examples of migrants?
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What is a Habitat? The “home” of a species Includes all biotic, climate, topographic, and edaphic (soil) factors that affect life
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4 Basic Elements of a Habitat Food Water Cover Space
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Food Energy requirements starches, sugars, fats, and cellulose Nutrient requirements protein and vitamins Mineral requirements phosphorus and potassium
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Stenophagous v. Euryphagous All animals heterotrophs Consume other organisms to survive Food generalists euryphagous People, goats, bears, coyotes Food specialists stenophagous Koalas, giant pandas, pygmy rabbits Which type of feeder should be less sensitive to habitat alteration? Why?
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Water Water requirements vary for animals depending on the species, weather and climate Goat: 1-1 ½ gallons once/2 days Donkeys: 3-4 gallons once/day Horses: 5-8 gallons once or twice/day Bison: 8-10 gallons once/1-2 days
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Water Moisture content of forage Immature forage has lots of water in it—up to 75% water
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Cover Thermal Shade in summer Shelter from cold wind in winter
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Cover Hiding - Protection from predators Vegetation as visual obstruction Lack of visual obstruction (i.e., pronghorn and prairie dogs)
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What are the needs of wildlife? Space—the optimal area that a species needs Determined by: Size & diet of animal Diversity & productivity of habitat Home range v. territory Breeding and nesting Social intolerance Disease transmission
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Limiting Factors Basic requirements that limit the size, growth, and/or quality of an animal population Results in the logistic curve Time Population Limiting factor
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Limiting Factors Human impact on limiting factors? www.visitidaho.org
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What is the importance of wildlife? Positive values Aesthetics Recreational Ecological Educational/scientific Utilitarian Commercial What are some negative values?
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Review Define terms associated with wildlife Discuss wildlife needs and uses
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