1. Baja California and the Sea of Cortez 1

2. Tijuana Ensenada San Quintin El Rosario Guerrero Negro Bahia Magdalena Cabo San Lucas La Paz Bahia Concepcion Mulege Santa Rosalia Bahia de Los Angeles San Felipe 2

3. Geology of Baja California 3

4. Pacific Plate moves NW past N. American Plate San Andreas fault between 4

5. Murphy, 1983 as quoted in Grismer, unpublished tropics Early Miocene: Part of shore or underwater Some mountains as islands 5

6. Murphy, 1983 as quoted in Grismer, unpublished tropics Middle Miocene: Mountains rose Mainland subsided Gulf began to form S. peninsula separated from mainland, became island 6

7. Murphy, 1983 as quoted in Grismer, unpublished tropics Late Miocene: Mountain chains connected, forming a contiguous peninsula 7

8. Murphy, 1983 as quoted in Grismer, unpublished tropics Miocene-Pliocene: Rapid tectonic activity Pacific plate moved north Mountains rose more Sea level rose, isolating south end Gulf extended far north 8

9. Murphy, 1983 as quoted in Grismer, unpublished tropics Late Pliocene-Present: Mountain uplift Desertification Gulf regressed Temporary land bridges to islands 9

10. History of Baja California 10

11. Cortez Gúzman Mendoza 1532 Becerra 1533 Cortez 1535 11

12. English map 1641 12

13. English map 1641 13

14. Cabrillo 1542 Mendoza galleons 1542 Francis Drake 1578 Cavendish 1586 Vizcaino 1596 Vizcaino 1602 14