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U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey Satellite remote sensing at the Alaska Volcano Observatory: An update on recent progress and future developments David Schneider Alaska Volcano Observatory
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Five U.S. Volcano Observatories Hawaiian Volcano Observatory Alaska Volcano Observatory Cascades Volcano Observatory California Volcano Observatory Yellowstone Volcano Observatory Mariana Islands Volcano Disaster Assistance Program The USGS is responsible for monitoring the 169 potentially active volcanoes in the United States and the Commonwealth of the Northern Marianas Islands in collaboration with partner Universities and Government agencies.
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Alaska Volcano Observatory Joint program of the United States Geological Survey, the Geophysical Institute of the University of Alaska Fairbanks, and the State of Alaska Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveys. AVO has pioneered the use of remote sensing data to monitor volcanic activity along the 2500 km-long Aleutian volcanic arc. Satellite data allow us to determine whether an eruption is occurring (confirm seismic observations), determine whether ash is being emitted, provide a scale of the eruption size, and track movement of ash clouds. USGS-AVO supports the other USGS observatories and VDAP in remote sensing observations and analysis as needed.
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Satellite Monitoring Satellite data used at AVO since 1989 to monitor volcanic activity and characterize activity. Direct reception weather satellites (near-real-time) Polar orbiting and geostationary satellites Data partnerships with UAF-GINA, NWS-Anchorage, NRL-Monterey Work with NOAA-NESDIS to evaluate volcanic cloud and thermal anomaly alerts Pioneering work by UAFGI on development of Internet-based web access to Alaskan satellite data demonstrated the utility of this approach. Restructuring of AVO tasks in 2013 lead to USGS-Volcano Science Center development of VolcView, an internet-based tool for display and analysis of satellite images.
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VolcView Interface volcview.wr.usgs.gov Image Selection Image Control
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VolcView Interface volcview.wr.usgs.gov Overlays Temperature Profile Wind Trajectory Annotation
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Collaboration with NOAA-NESDIS/CIMSS USGS-AVO has been receiving volcanic cloud and thermal anomaly alerts and products from the NESDIS system of M. Pavolonis for the past several years. Support to USGS from GOES-R Risk Reduction program to incorporate NOAA alerts into VolcView and AVO-generated alerts into NOAA system. NOAA alerts and image products (detection, extent and cloud height) have been useful in Alaska, Russia, and in international support for VDAP (most recently Calbuco volcano in Chile).
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Pavlof: Cloud altitude of translucent ash cloud
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Support for USGS-VDAP Eruption Response GOES satellite images made accessible by NOAA-NESDIS at CIMSS used to interpret activity at Calbuco and initialize Asd3d fallout model. Output sent from USGS-VDAP to SERNAGEOMIN in Chile for their use.
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Support for USGS-VDAP Eruption Response SEVERI satellite images made accessible by NOAA-NESDIS at CIMSS used to explain airborne ash hazards to U.S. Embassy personnel in Santiago, Chile and the subsequent flight disruptions.
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Katmai Region Resuspension Events 2002 to present
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Sampling Resuspended Katmai Ash
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Particle Sampling at Larsen Bay and Kodiak Larsen Bay Kodiak
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Priorities for the coming year Need to solve problem with ingest of VIIRS data in the USGS system that has been slowed due to technical issues with our legacy software for product generation. Day/Night band and SO 2 detection capabilities are known to be very beneficial. Further development of VolcView this summer. Ability to ingest and export alerts, integration with web cameras, ability to load case studies and training sets, additional vector overlays. USGS Volcano Hazards Program supports expansion to other observatories and VDAP. Enhanced partnership with NOAA- NESDIS is desired to accomplish this goal.
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