1. Ocean Currents
Chapter 16.1

2. Ocean Currents
Masses of ocean water that flow from one place to another.

3. Currents
Two types of ocean currents:
Surface currents
Deep currents

4. Surface Currents
Currents that ONLY move horizontally in the UPPER part of the Oceans surface
Develop from friction between the ocean and the wind that blows across the surface.

5. Color your surface current map using the Key on your Surface Current Map! BLUE = Cold Current RED = Warm Current

6. Global Winds Create Currents Draw and Label a Global Winds Diagram according to this diagram.

7. Gyres
Huge circular-moving current systems that are driven by the global winds.
5 main gyres!

8. Gyre Plastic Pollution

9. What if this was YOUR home?

10. Locate the 5 main Gyres on your surface current map
Locate the 5 main Gyres on your surface current map. Label the Gyres on your map

11. The Coriolis Effect Video Explanation
The deflection of the currents from their original course because of the Earth’s rotation.
Just like a merry go round!

12. Because the Earth Spins
Currents are deflected:
To the Right in the Northern Hemisphere
To the Left in the Southern Hemisphere

13. Why?
Great Britain and Alaska are at similar latitudes, yet Great Britain is about 25 degrees warmer than Alaska…

14. Ocean Currents and Climate
Gulf Stream is a great example of bringing warmth to a high latitude.
It brings heat from the equator region to areas more North and South

15. Deep Currents VERTICAL (up and down) currents of ocean water
Caused by differences in
water density
Dense water SINKS
LESS dense water RISES

16. Color in your Global Conveyor Belt diagram
Deep Currents
A result of temperature or salinity changes
temp =
sinks
salinity =
density
sinks
Color in your Global Conveyor Belt diagram

17. Color in your Global Conveyer Belt Map Cold = Blue Warm = Red

18. Tides
Chapter 16.2

19. What is a Tide?
The rise and fall of the sea level.

20. The gravitational pull of the Moon and the Sun make the tides

21. Sun Vs. Moon
The Sun is much larger than the Moon but has ONLY about ½ of the power of the Moon on tides
WHY?
Because the Moon is Closer

22. Types of Tides
Two types of tides:
Spring Tides
Neap Tides

24. Spring Tides
The Sun, Moon and Earth are in a straight line.

25. Spring Tides Come once every two weeks.
During a full and new moon phase

26. Spring Tides
Highest High Tides and Lowest Low Tides
Why?

27. Spring Tide
ALL Gravitational Force!!

28. Neap Tides
When the Sun Moon and Earth are at right angles.

29. Neap Tides Happens about twice a month
Happens at the 1st and 3rd quarter Moon Phase

30. Neap Tides
Tidal Range is the smallest. (NOT MUCH DIFFERENCE between high tide and low tide!)
Why?

31. Neap Tide Forces TWO different forces Gravitational and Centrifugal

32. Spring Tide vs. Neap Tide
In the boxes at the bottom of your notes
Spring Tide vs. Neap Tide
Neap Tide Force is from two directions at the same time
Spring Tide Force is all in one direction
HIGHEST HIGHS & LOWEST LOWS
LOW HIGHS & HIGH LOWS

34. Tide Animations https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5ohDG7RqQ9I
How Tides Work
Time Lapse High Tide
The Bay of Fundy

35. One Tidal Cycle = 24 hours & 50 minutes
There are usually two high tides and two low tides each day.

36. Why the extra 50 minutes?
As the Earth is rotating and revolving the Moon is revolving as well. It takes an extra 50 minutes for the Earth to catch up with the Moon.

37. Tidal Cycles – 3 types

38. Diurnal Tidal Cycle One high tide and one low tide per tidal cycle.
Uncommon

39. Semidiurnal Tidal Cycle
2 identical high tides and two identical low tides per tidal cycle

40. Mixed Semidiurnal Tidal Cycle
2 High and 2 Low tides – all of different heights.