1. Creation of India, Pakistan, & Bangladesh
SSWG5f. Explain the division of the Indian subcontinent into India and Pakistan and the eventual creation of Bangladesh.

2. Colonization of India Originally a trade partner, then a colony.
British directly controlled India in 1857
Economic powerhouse
“The sun never sets on the British Empire”
Britain gave them their independence in 1947

3. Mahatma Gandhi
Educated man who helped to free India from British control
Non-violent resistance, marches, economic protest, hunger strikes
Was able to mobilize a nation
Influenced Nelson Mandela & Martin Luther King Jr.

4. Partitioning After independence two countries were created:
India—primarily Hindu
East Pakistan—primarily Muslim (becomes Bangladesh)
West Pakistan—primarily Muslim (becomes Pakistan)
Violence followed the partitioning with over 1 million people dying

5. Creation of Bangladesh & Pakistan
Even though East & West Pakistan share religion, they did not have the same ethnic groups.
They were also far apart and hard to rule
Both rallied for independence and civil war broke out in 1971
With the help of India, East Pakistan won their independence and became Bangladesh

6. Kashmir Area of northern India that is disputed
Both Pakistan & India want to control it
After partitioning, the majority was Muslim but the president was Hindu creating conflict
Kashmir is a critical water source
Fear that the dispute over this area will result in nuclear warfare—Pakistan has tested nuclear weapons in the past