1. Anatomy and Physiology Chapter 17 Blood & Blood Vessels
Martini’s Visual
Anatomy and Physiology
First Edition
Martini w Ober
Chapter 17 Blood & Blood Vessels
Lecture 5
50 min, 29 slides

2. Lecture Overview Pulmonary Circuit Systemic Circuit Arterial system
Venous system

3. Pulmonary Circuit
consists of vessels that carry blood from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart
Figure from: Hole’s Human A&P, 12th edition, 2010

4. Systemic Circuit
Composed of vessels that lead from the heart to all body parts (except the lungs) and back to the heart
Includes the aorta and its branches (know!)
Includes the system of veins that return blood to the right atrium
Includes the coronary circulation

5. Major Vessels of Arterial System
Figure from: Martini, Anatomy & Physiology, Prentice Hall, 2001

6. Major Blood Vessels Associated With Heart*
Figure from: Hole’s Human A&P, 12th edition, 2010 * * * * * * *
Remember your ABCs: Aortic arch, Brachiocephalic, Carotid, subclavian

7. Descending and Thoracic Aorta
Diaphragm is the point at which the thoracic aorta becomes the abdominal aorta
Figure from: Martini, Anatomy & Physiology, Prentice Hall, 2001

8. Aorta and Its Principal Branches
Table from: Hole’s Human A&P, 12th edition, 2010
Celi(o) – abdomen; Mes – middle; enter – intestines;
**Need to know this table; if I give you an artery, you need to know which branch (part) of the aorta it arises from

9. Abdominal Aorta and Its Major Branches* * * * * * *
Major branches of the celiac trunk – left gastric a. (stomach, inf. Esophagus), splenic a. (spleen, arteries of the stomach and pancreas), common hepatic a. (liver, stomach, gall bladder, and duodenal area).
Superior mesenteric – arises 2.5 cm inferior to celiac trunk; supplies arteries to pancreas and duodenum, small intestine, and most of large intestine. *
Figure from: Martini, Anatomy & Physiology, Benjamin Cummings, 2004
Three branches of the celiac trunk: 1. left gastric a., 2. common hepatic a., 3. splenic a.

10. Abdominal Aorta and Its Major Branches* * * * * *
Major branches of the celiac trunk – left gastric a. (stomach, inf. Esophagus), splenic a. (spleen, arteries of the stomach and pancreas), common hepatic a. (liver, stomach, gall bladder, and duodenal area).
Superior mesenteric – arises 2.5 cm inferior to celiac trunk; supplies arteries to pancreas and duodenum, small intestine, and most of large intestine.
Celiac – relating to abdomen *
Figure from: Hole’s Human A&P, 12th edition, 2010

11. Arteries to Neck, Head, and Brain
Figure from: Hole’s Human A&P, 12th edition, 2010 * * * * * *

12. Cerebral Arterial Circle
Also called the Circle of Willis
Formed by anterior and posterior cerebral arteries, which join the internal carotid and basilar arteries
Know all these
Figure from: Hole’s Human A&P, 12th edition, 2010

13. Arteries to Shoulder and Upper Limb* * *
= pulse points * *
Brachiocephalic a. becomes the subclavian a. after giving rise to the left common carotid and subclavian arteries; thereafter it is the subclavian a. The axillary a. begins after the subclavian a. passes the superior border of the first rib; the axillary a. becomes the brachial a. after giving rise to the anterior and posterior circumflex arteries.
Collateral arteries are branches arising FROM another artery, recurrent arteries are arteries coming back into a major artery after branching. *
Figure from: Hole’s Human A&P, 12th edition, 2010

14. Arteries to Thoracic Wall
Anterior intercostal a. arise from the internal thoracic a. which is a branch of the subclavian a.
Figure from: Hole’s Human A&P, 12th edition, 2010

15. Arteries to Lower Limbs and Pelvis
Figure from: Martini, Anatomy & Physiology, Prentice Hall, 2001 * * *

16. Arteries to Pelvic Region
Internal iliacs supply: wall of pelvic region, rectum, urinary bladder, uterus and vagina, gluteal muscles, adductor m. of thigh, perineum and external genitals.
Figure from: Hole’s Human A&P, 12th edition, 2010

17. Main Branches of External Iliac Artery* * * * * *
Figure from: Hole’s Human A&P, 12th edition, 2010 *

18. Major Vessels of the Venous System
Figure from: Hole’s Human A&P, 12th edition, 2010

19. Major Veins of the Brain, Head, and Neck
External jugular v. drains blood from face, scalp, and superficial neck regions * * * * *
Figure from: Hole’s Human A&P, 12th edition, 2010

20. Major Veins of the Brain, Head, and Neck
Figure from: Martini, Anatomy & Physiology, Prentice Hall, 2001

21. Location of Internal and External Jugular V.
Figure from: Anatomy & Physiology Revealed, 2010
External Jugular v.
Internal Jugular v.
SCM

22. Major Veins - Upper Limb and Shoulder* *
Median cubital vein is often used to draw blood (venipuncture) *
(deep) *
(superficial) *
(superficial) * * * * *
Figure from: Hole’s Human A&P, 12th edition, 2010

23. Major Veins - Upper Limb and Shoulder
Figure from: Martini, Anatomy & Physiology, Prentice Hall, 2001

24. Veins That Drain the Thoracic Wall
Figure from: Hole’s Human A&P, 12th edition, 2010
Together the azygos v. and hemiazygos v. drain the thoracic wall, thoracic viscera, and abdominal wall

25. Hepatic Portal Vein
Hepatic portal vein drains one set of capillaries and connects via veins to another set of capillaries before it becomes a vein again
Note that veins in the abdominal cavity drain into the hepatic portal vein
Figure from: Hole’s Human A&P, 12th edition, 2010

26. Veins That Drain the Abdominal Viscera* * *
Figure from: Martini, Anatomy & Physiology, Prentice Hall, 2001

27. Main Veins of the Lower Limb and Pelvis* * * * *
Figure from: Hole’s Human A&P, 12th edition, 2010 * * *

28. Review
The blood vessels form a closed circuit for distribution of the blood from the heart to the tissues and back again.
The vessels of the CVS include
Arteries - carry blood away from ventricles of heart; this walled; elastic
Arterioles - receive blood from arteries/carry blood to capillaries; major flow regulators
Capillaries - sites of exchange of substances between blood and body cells
Venules - receive blood from capillaries
Veins - carry blood toward atria of heart