1. History of Computing and Technology
To understand a science it is necessary to know its history
Comte
Introduction to Nursing Informatics th Edition
Chapter 4 History of Informatics

2. Core Concepts Included in this Presentation Include
Historical Milestones in Technology
Historical Milestones in Computing
Nursing Pioneers and Computer Use
Introduction to Nursing Informatics th Edition
Chapter 4

3. Historical Milestones in Technology
These online resources summarise generations one to three
of the computing paradigm.
Whilst computers and technology are linked it is useful to view them in this chapter separately by year.
This can be done by viewing the technology time line in the computer history museum and by searching under key categories relating to the technology.
For example one can search under categories such as components, networks , computer software and languages.
image
Presented by the Computer History Museum
Follow this link to view

4. Historical Milestones in Computing
These online resources summarise generation one to three of the computing paradigm.
A Brief History of the Computer
Presented by TIME Photographs
This resource developed by the
Computer History Museum depicts the
development of computers from
Follow this link to view
Follow this link to view

5. Emergence of Technology in Healthcare
Evolution of technology supporting health care and professional nursing practice
Pre 1950
1950
1960
1970
1980
1990
2000
2000+
BCS Information
Pioneers
Marion
Ball Podcast
History of Computing
& Technology
Click images to open hyperlinks
Introduction to Nursing Informatics th Edition
Chapter 4

6. Nursing Pioneers & Computer Use
In many instances the early pioneer nurses in informatics were poorly paid
and had inadequate study leave and in many cases left the profession to pursue careers
as systems analysts.
However, some of the pioneers remained and we acknowledge some of them within
the following sections – nursing education, nursing administration, nursing care and
nursing research .
Introduction to Nursing Informatics th Edition
Chapter 4

7. Nursing Education Mariann Drost Bitzer (1963)
First simulation in nursing obstetrics
Judith Ronald, University of New York (1970’s)
CAI in Nurse Education in the 1970’s
Diane Skiba, Boston College
Co-ordinating Nursing Informatics Courses
Virginia Saba, Georgetown University
Christine Henney, University of Dundee
Journal of Nursing Administration featured a monthly article on computer
applications in nursing from 1970
Introduction to Nursing Informatics th Edition
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8. Nursing Administration
Marilyn Plomann, Chicago (1970’s & 1980’s)
Developed nursing administration initiatives
Catherine Cunningham (1970’s & 1980’s)
Nurse Manpower Planning Projects
Elly Pluytr-Wenting, Leiden, Holland ( )
Nursing Manpower Planning
Phyllis Giovanetti (1978)
Nurse Scheduling Systems
Elizabeth Butler ( )
Nurse Scheduling and Staffing Systems
Virginia Saba (1970’s & 1980’s)
Public Health Service Dept. – Promoting Public Health Nursing Services
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9. Nursing Care
1992 Norma Lang & June Clark – if we cannot name it (nursing) we cannot control it, finance it, research it or put it into public policy.. (In relation to nursing language).
Christine Henney, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee
Involved in the design and implementation of
a real time nursing system
Kathryn Hannah first nurse elected to COACH (Canadian Organisation for the Advancement of Computers in Health) .
Maureen Scholes – The London Hospital
Real-Time Computer Project – resulted in
The introduction of a hospital communication
system that provided patient administration services,
laboratory services and radiography services using
105 visual display units in all hospital wards and
departments.
Joy Brown and Marjorie Wright, York Hospital Ontario
Both worked as systems co-ordinators and were actively involved in designing, coding and implementing the computerised patient care system at their hospital.
They were also responsible for training on the system.
Elizabeth Butler – Kings Hospital, London
Engaged in developing and implementing the computerised nursing care plan system for the Professional Medical Unit and for the nursing care plan system for all wards and specialties in the 500 bedded hospital.
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10. Nursing Research
1960 working with ANA (American Nurses Association) Harriet Werley identified research on communication and decision making in nursing (1960’s)
Kathryn Hannah with David Shires in 1980 at Medinfo in Tokyo set up a separate nursing informatics section within IMIA
Maureen Scholes in 1982 facilitated an open forum on the impact of computers in nursing (London)
1981 Virginia Saba established a nursing presence at the symposium on computer applications in medical care (USA)
1982 Carol Ostrowski created a nursing profession specialty group - AAMSI (American Association for Medical Systems and Informatics)
1983 Marion Ball identified nursing informatics as specialty
1988 Harriet Werley and Norma Lang identify the American nursing minimum data set
Introduction to Nursing Informatics th Edition
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11. Scholes Analysis of Papers 1960-1997
Scholes et al in 2000 completed an analysis of early scientific papers in nursing research,
relating specifically to informatics and computers from
and the following key themes emanated from the work.
Education Training
Research Statistics Models
Language Classification and Retrieval
Information Systems Data Base
Data Protection Ethics Law
Laboratory , Imaging Monitoring / Therapy Prevention
Decision Support, Artificial Intelligence
Patient (Nursing) Record
Introduction to Nursing Informatics th Edition
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12. Chapter Summary
The development of technology and its contribution to the history of computing is explored in this presentation.
Evolving since the 1950’s the computer has replaced traditional methods of processing information.
Nursing informatics pioneers can be identified over the past 50 years as contributing to this evolution.
Introduction to Nursing Informatics th Edition
Chapter 4

13. Activity Click on image to download crossword Chapter 4
Introduction to Nursing Informatics th Edition
Chapter 4