1. Acids, Bases, and Solutions
Chapter 7

2. What is a Solution?

3. Same properties throughout Contains a solvent and a solute
Solutions
Same properties throughout
Contains a solvent
and a solute

4. Solvent
Does the Dissolving
Water = Liquid

5. Solute
The stuff that is dissolved
Sugar

6. Kool-Aid
Solvent = Water
Solute = Sugar

7. Water is referred to as the “universal Solvent”
Why?

8. Water dissolves almost anything

9. Concentration
How much solute (dissolved stuff)

10. Dilute
Weak
Not a lot of solute (dissolved stuff)

11. Concentrated
Strong
A lot of solute (dissolved stuff)

12. Measuring Concentration
Amount of Solute
Amount of Solvent
X 100

13. Example
A solution contains 12 g of solute dissolved in 36 g of solution. What is its concentration?

14. Answer: 10%
12 g
36 g
= .33 x 100
.33 = 33%

15. Example
What is the concentration of a solutions that contains 45 grams of sugar in 500 grams of solution?

16. Answer: 9%
45 g
500 g
= .09 x 100
.09 = 9%

17. Example
How much sugar is dissolved in 500 grams of a solution if the solution is 70 percent sugar by mass?

18. Answer: 350g X
500 g
70%=
.7 (500) = x
X = 350g

19. Solubility
A measure of how much solute (dissolved stuff) can dissolve

20. Unsaturated Solution Weak, Dilute Very little solute is added
Add more sugar it will dissolve

21. Saturated Solution Perfect Amount No more solute will dissolve
If you add more it will settle to the bottom

22. Supersaturated
Add so much solute that it begins to pile up on the bottom of the container

23. Acids and Bases

24. Indicators
Compounds that change color when it contacts an acid or a base

25. Properties of Acids Sour taste Reacts with metals (corrosive)
Turns litmus paper red

26. Properties of Bases
Bitter Taste
Slippery Feel
Turns Litmus paper Blue

28. Acids
Produce Hydrogen Ions (H+) in water

29. Bases
Produce Hydroxide ions (OH-) ions in water

30. Strengths of Acids and Bases
The pH scale

31. The pH scale
Range of numbers from 1-14

32. Ph < 7 ACIDIC H+ ions present
The lower the number the stronger the acid (more H+ ions)

33. pH = 7
Neutral
Not acidic or basic
H+ = OH- ions

34. pH > 7
BASIC
OH- ions present
The higher the number the more basic

35. Neutralization
A reaction between an acid and a base
Salt and water produced

36. Neutralization

37. Check for Understanding

38. pH 1, pH 3 or pH 7 ?
Which contains the highest concentration of Hydrogen ions?
pH of 1

39. pH of 3 pH of 6 or pH of 3 Which is stronger?
Which contains more H+ ions?
pH of 3

40. pH of 14 pH 10 or pH 14 Which is a stronger base?
Which has more OH- ions?
pH of 14