1. II. Geography and History

2. A. Themes of geography

3. 1. Location - where a place is on Earth

4. Absolute Location – exact spot Relative Location – position in relation to other places 1101 Bastogne Avenue, Ft. Campbell, KY Between Gates 2 and 3

5. 2. Place - physical or human characteristics that make it different

6. 3. Human-Environment Interaction – humans shape/change/adapt to the environment

7. 4. Movement - People, goods, and ideas move continuously: spatial interaction

8. 5. Geography’s role in history: Settlement patterns Resources Topography

9. B. Themes of History

10. 1. Economics - development of economic systems

11. 2. Government - different forms how they affect society

12. 3. Culture - Influence on social and political events

13. 4. Science and Technology - effects on culture and society

14. 5. Citizenship - Rights and responsibilities A society’s ideas of citizenship

15. 6. Belief Systems

16. C. How Do We Know? Prehistory - time before history, before writing was invented

17. 1. Historians examine written records and other evidence

18. 2. Anthropology - Study origins and development of people and societies Anthropology studies all aspects of human life in all geographic regions of all time periods

19. 3. Archaeology – study artifacts of past people and cultures

20. 4. Geologists date artifacts by age of nearby rocks

21. 5. Botanists and zoologists examine seeds and animal bones to determine diet Animal bones dug up in an Indian trash midden

22. 6. Climatologists determine past the weather conditions

23. 7. Biologists analyze human bones or bloodstains on stone tools and weapons

24. D. Historians Reconstruct the Past Study how people lived using artifacts and written records A tortoise shell from the Shang period (1766-1122 BC) inscribed with characters believed to be the first form of Chinese writing

25. 1. Written records began as oral traditions

26. 2. Oral tradition include: Family history Stories about heroes Events in the past

27. 3. Oral traditions tell how a society lived and what people considered important