1. Chapter 1 The Chemical World
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

2. The scientific method emphasizes
1.4
observations and experimentation.
facts and scientific laws.
theories and opinions.
hypotheses and models.
None of the above
Answer: a

3. Which term best fits the following definition: “A theory before it has become well established”?
1.5
Observation
Scientific method
Scientific law
Scientific theory
Hypothesis
Answer: e

4. What is the first step in the scientific method?
1.7
Observe some aspect of nature.
Develop a scientific hypothesis.
Design a detailed experiment.
Check the results in triplicate.
Develop a scientific law to summarize observations.
Answer: a

5. Which of the following statements best describes the Law of Conservation of Mass?
1.9
All matter contains the same mass.
Matter can be converted to less massive things.
Matter can be converted to more massive things.
Mass is neither created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction.
Mass can be either created or saved in a chemical reaction.
Answer: d

6. Which of the following can be classified as matter?
1.10
Lead
Salt
Car
Chair
All of the above
Answer: e

7. Convert 0.000459 to scientific notation.
2.1
4.59 × 104
0.459 × 103
4.59 × 10–3
4.59 × 10–4
4.59 × 10–5
Answer: d

8. Convert 3.23 × 103 to decimal notation.
2.3
3.23
32.3
323
3230
Answer: e

9. How many mL are in 45.1 cm3? 0.00450 mL 4.51 mL 0.451 mL 45.1 mL
2.7 mL
4.51 mL
0.451 mL
45.1 mL
45100 mL
Answer: d

10. What are the fundamental base SI units of length, mass, time, and temperature respectively?
2.13
km, kg, s, K
m, g, s, °C
m, g, s, K
m, kg, s, °C
m, kg, s, K
Answer: e

11. What is the mass of a sample of lead that has a density of 11
What is the mass of a sample of lead that has a density of 11.4 g/mL and displaces 20.1 mL of water?
2.16
229 g
0.567 g
1.76 g
11.4 g
2.30 × 10–2 g
Answer: a

12. What is the identity of an unknown object that has a mass of 1080 g and displaces 50.5 cm3 of water? (See Table 2.4)
2.17
Copper
Lead
Gold
Aluminum
Platinum
Answer: e

13. Which of the following is a frequently used unit for the density of liquids and solids?
2.19
g/L
kg/L
g/mL
cm3/mL
g/m3
Answer: c

14. What is the volume of 54. 50 g of a liquid with a density of 0
What is the volume of g of a liquid with a density of g/mL?
2.30
57.36 mL mL
0.574 mL
573.6 mL
Answer: c