1. Figure 24-17Schematic representation of the thylakoid membrane showing the components of its electron-transport chain. Page 886

2. Figure 24-30Electron micrograph of thylakoids. Page 895

3. Figure 24-18Detailed diagram of the Z-scheme of photosynthesis. Page 887

4. Figure 24-22Schematic mechanism of O 2 generation in chloroplasts. Page 889

5. Figure 24-29Segregation of PSI and PSII. Page 894

6. Figure 24- 31 The Calvin cycle. Page 896

7. Table 24-1Standard and Physiological Free Energy Changes for the Reactions of the Calvin Cycle. Page 901

8. Figure 24-32 Algal 3BPG and RuBP levels on removal of CO 2. Page 898

9. Figure 24-33aX-Ray structure of tobacco RuBP carboxylase. (a) The quaternary structure of the L 8 S 8 protein. Page 899

10. Page 900 Figure 24-34Probable reaction mechanism of the carboxylation reaction catalyzed by RuBP carboxylase.

11. Figure 24-31 The Calvin cycle. Page 896

12. Figure 24-36Probable mechanism of the oxygenase reaction catalyzed by RuBP carboxylase–oxygenase. (Photorespiration) Page 902

13. Figure 24-37 Photorespiration. Page 903

14. Figure 24-38The C 4 pathway. Page 904

15. PS SONG http://www.csulb.edu/~cohlberg/So ngs/photosynthesis.mp3 http://www.csulb.edu/~cohlberg/So ngs/photosynthesis.mp3

16. Chapter 25: Lipid Metabolism Suggested problems: 1, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9

17. Table 25-1Energy Content of Food Constituents. Page 910

18. Figure 25-2Catalytic action of phospholipase A 2. Page 911

19. Figure 25-4b Structure and mechanism of phospholipase A 2. (b) The catalytic mechanism of phospholipase A 2. Page 912

20. Figure 25-8Franz Knoop’s classic experiment indicating that fatty acids are metabolically oxidized at their  -carbon atom. Page 914

21. Figure 25-9 Mechanism of fatty acid activation catalyzed by acyl-CoA synthetase. Page 915

22. Figure 25-10Acylation of carnitine catalyzed by carnitine palmitoyltransferase. Page 915

23. Figure 25-11Transport of fatty acids into the mitochondrion. Page 916

24. Page 917 Figure 25-12 The  -oxidation pathway of fatty acyl-CoA.

25. Figure 25-15 Mechanism of action of  -ketoacyl-CoA thiolase. Page 919

26. Figure 25-16Structures of two common unsaturated fatty acids. Page 919

27. Figure 25-17 Problems in the oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids and their solutions. Page 920

28. Figure 25-18 Conversion of propionyl-CoA to succinyl-CoA. Page 922

29. Figure 25-19 The propionyl- CoA carboxylase reaction.

30. Figure 25-20The rearrangement catalyzed by methylmalonyl-CoA mutase. Page 923

31. Figure 25-21 Structure of 5’-deoxyadenosyl- cobalamin (coenzyme B 12 ). Page 923

32. Page 926 Figure 25-23 Proposed mechanism of methylmalonyl- CoA mutase.

33. Figure 25-25 Ketogenesis: the enzymatic reactions forming acetoacetate from acetyl-CoA. Page 929

34. Figure 25-28A comparison of fatty acid  oxidation and fatty acid biosynthesis. Page 931

35. Figure 25-29The phosphopantetheine group in acyl-carrier protein (ACP) and in CoA. Page 931

36. Figure 25-30 Association of acetyl-CoA carboxylase protomers. Page 932

37. Figure 25-31 Reaction cycle for the biosynthesis of fatty acids. Page 933

38. Figure 25-32 The mechanism of carbon–carbon bond formation in fatty acid biosynthesis. Page 934

39. “Alfonse, Biochemistry makes my head hurt!!” \