1. Ch. 10 History of DNA

2. DNA Scientists: Frederick Griffith (1928): worked with bacterial cells; figured out ‘transformation’….transfer of genetic material from a dead cell to a living cell. Oswald Avery (1940’s): looked at ‘transformation’; DNA causes ‘transformation’ in bacteria. Martha Chase & Alfred Hershey (early 1950’s): DNA is the hereditary molecule in viruses.

3. Rosalind Franklin (early 1950’s) working in Maurice Wilkins Lab: took X-ray pictures of ‘DNA’, didn’t realize what she had discovered. (She died age 37, cancer)

4. 1949: Erwin Chargaff -came up with the base pairing rules: Adenine –Thymine Guanine – Cytosine

5. James Watson & Francis Crick (April 25, 1953): determined the shape of DNA was a ‘double helix’. -Along with Maurice Wilkins, won Nobel Prize for Medicine in 1962.