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The field of science in which biology, computer science, and information technology merge into a single discipline. NCBI, Aug 2001 BIO INFORMATICS BIOLOGY.

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Presentation on theme: "The field of science in which biology, computer science, and information technology merge into a single discipline. NCBI, Aug 2001 BIO INFORMATICS BIOLOGY."— Presentation transcript:

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3 The field of science in which biology, computer science, and information technology merge into a single discipline. NCBI, Aug 2001 BIO INFORMATICS BIOLOGY COMPUTER SCIENCE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY Bioinformatics – a Definition

4 Biology in the 21st century is being transformed from a purely lab-based science to an information science as well. Bioinformatics is the field of science in which biology, computer science, and information technology merge to form a single discipline. www.genomics.org.cn:8080/bgi/bgilt/ images/bioinformatics.jp

5 Computer Programming 50 yrs ago DNA & Protein Structure Personal Computers/ Internet 20 yrs ago PCR w.w.w. Last 10 yrs Human Genome Project All fields use computers Now Global Biological (art, law, communication) Research Growth of Bioinformatics

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7 Human Genome Program, U.S. Department of Energy, Genomics and Its Impact on Medicine and Society: A 2001 Primer, 2001

8 Gene a b c d e Art by Yelena Ponirovskaya …ATGGCCCTGTGGATGCGCCTCCTGCCCCTG….. DNA base sequence recipe for amino acids Met: Ala: Leu: Trp: Met: Arg: Leu: Leu: Pro: Leu: Amino acid sequence = protein = trait

9 Data mining requires a testable hypothesis generated with regard to the function or structure of a gene or protein by identifying similar sequences in better characterized organisms. To help in uncovering phylogenetic relationships and evolutionary patterns. www.tigr.org Why use Bioinformatics?

10 ATGCATTTCGGT TTACGCCATATA GCTCGGGAATCA TGCATCGATCGA GTAGCTAGCTAG PNSADADNDFEDRL RAGLCDHDKEVQGL QVRCAVUEEHMHK KQQEFENIRLDAQRL EFFAYIFQKEHMKR DNA ProteinModel organisms

11 TGT AAT AGT TAT ATT TTC ATT ATA AAT TGT GTT TGT AGA CAT CAT AAA TTT AAA ACA TGG CTT TTT AAC CTG ATA AAT CCT ACG AAT ATT TGT AAT AGT TAT GTT ATT GCA GTA AGT ACC GTT TGT ATT ATA AAT TGT GTT CTG TGT AAT AGT TAT ATT TTC ATT ATA AAT TGT GTT TGT AGA CAT CAT AAA TTT AAA ACA TGG CTT TTT AAC CTG ATA AAT CCT ACG AAT ATT TGT AAT AGT TAT GTT ATT GCA GTA AGT ACC GTT TGT ATT ATA AAT TGT GTT CTG What is Bioinformatics? Which genes are turned off then on ? Courtesy of Dr. Young Moo Lee UC Davis

12 What’s in a name? Sequence Analysis Database Homology Searching Multiple Sequence Alignment Homology Modeling Docking Protein Analysis Proteomics 3D Modeling Sample Registration & Tracking Integrated Data Repositories Common Visual Interfaces Intellectual Property Auditing Bio Informatics Genome Mapping

13 Illustration from SWBIC's Bioinformatics: Molecular Biology and Computational Science workshop held October 21-23, 1999. http://www.swbic.org

14 Set of tools for all areas of science

15 Genetic Blueprints Human Genome Project

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17 DNA Sequencing

18 DNA Fingerprinting

19 DNA Protein interaction

20 What is Bioinformatics? N. M. Luscombe, et al. Yale University Method Inform Med 4/2001

21 Fictitious Biotechnology Company Onconomics Corporation http://www.bscs.org/onco/default.htm Sequencing Projects External Links Glossary From nonprofit BSCS Biological Sciences Curriculum Study Onconomics Corporation

22 Employment Opportunities at Onconomics Corporation Bioinformatics Technician – responsible for creation and use of software for the display and manipulation of data for genome sequencing projects. Position requires a Bachelor’s degree in molecular biology and experience with PERL and Java programming languages. Salary to $45,000 with excellent benefits. Bioinformatics Analyst – responsible for supporting the company’s gene indices of sequencing projects. Position requires a Bachelor’s or Master’s degree in the biological sciences. Familiarity with SQL language, Unix, PERL and programming tools preferred. Salary to $55,000 with excellent benefits. Bioinformatics Scientist – responsible for creating and applying new software for the development of new drugs. Requires a Ph.D. in molecular biology or related field, as well as an advanced degree in Information Technology. Salary to $100,000 with excellent benefits

23 Sample Electropherograms Normal Sequence: Heterozygous Base: Unreadable Region: Onconomics Corporation

24 Visualization in Science

25 NCBI Problem Sets http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Class/FieldGuide/problem_set.html The last known Tasmanian tiger died in the Hobart Zoo in 1936. DNA sequences have been obtained from museum specimens. How many DNA and protein sequences are there? What genes were cloned? There are a number of sequences for extinct organisms in the NCBI databases. Visit the list of extinct taxa in the Taxonomy Browser pages.

26 http://www.swbic.org/products/clipart/clipart.php

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