1. Unit 2: (Concept City vs.) Lived City (Hausemann and le Corbusier) vs. Baudelaire, de Certeau and George Simmel Image:

2. Outline  Starting Questions Starting Questions Starting Questions  Lived C (1): Baudelaire and Benjamin Baudelaire and BenjaminBaudelaire and Benjamin  Lived C (2): G. Simmel G. SimmelG. Simmel Image:

3. Starting Questions 1. What ’ s good and bad about the ideas of ‘ concept city ’ and ‘ lived city ’ ? 2. What have we known so far about urban planning? The metaphors some theorists used? The differences between Hausemann and le Corbusier? 3. How is ‘ urbanism ’ a way of life? How does Louis Wirth defines it? Do you agree with him? (e.g. Urban ‘ contacts ’ – impersonal, transitory, segmental, and mostly utilitarian  anomie) 4. Is Wirth ’ s view similar to that of George Simmel? 5. What is a flâneur? (439) Can we be flâneur or flâneuse? Are there other ways of walking in the city?

4. Concept City vs. Lived City Planned City Lived City Kay-Shuttleworth (Manchester 1804-1877) Charles Baudelaire (1821-1867).(439-442) Baron Haussman (Paris 1809-1891) Georg Simmel (1858- 1918) Georg Simmel (1858- 1918) (445-47) Vienna ’ s Ringstrass  Sitte & Wagner (pp. 443-44) Louis Wirth Louis Wirth (1897 - 1952 ) Le Corbusier (1887 – 1965) (pp467-69). Michel de Certeau (435-37) Michel de Certeau (1925-1986) (435-37) (1925-1986)

5. Lived City (1): City as a Spectacle -- The Arcade in Paris http://www.jellesen.dk/webcrea/places/paris/paris08.htm p. 440 Arcade as a temple

6. Flnâeur: Results of and Responses to Modernity A. Results  Fast development in industrialization, capitalism and modernization of city spaces.  increasing spectacles and human mobility. Spectacles: Arcades  Exhibition such as Crystal Palaces  fairs, gardens, statues, etcSpectacles: Arcades  Exhibition such as Crystal Palaces  fairs, gardens, statues, etc  Turning indoor: in department stores, shopping malls, Cinema city and internet.  Virtualized: ‘ phantasmagoria ’ – 浮光幻影, or kaleidoscope 萬花筒  Is flâneur an artist or a shopper?

7. Responses to Modernity: Baudelaire and Benjamin 1. Baudelaire: the modern heroes: the poet, the flâneur, the dandy, the collector, the gambler, the worker, the dandy, the collector, the gambler, the worker, the rag- picker and the prostitute; give voice to the paradoxes and illusions of modernity. 2. Benjamin: as a walking commodity; is no hero; he acts heroes  empty commodity forms;  Flâneur in a text can be a character (Mermaid) or narrative device (camera angle--Rispondetemi). One which is apparently unorganized and thus de-centering (non-traditional).  In life, can we be flâneurs nowdays? And what kinds of flâneurs are we?

8. Georg Simmel (1858-1918) Urban mentality: The blas é attitude – 1.Definition: dictionary: bored or not excited, or wishing to seem so. 1. Definition: dictionary: bored or not excited, or wishing to seem so. 2. cause: bombardment of the senses + involving one fragment of personality "boundless pursuit of pleasure makes one blas é because it agitates the nerves to their strongest reactivity for such a long time that they finally cease to react at all."

9. Blasé Proposition: The psyche of the Metropolis inhabitant is over stimulated through the "intensification of nervous stimulation" resulting in an inability to react at all. It is felt that this is an inverse relationship. As the stimulation increases so does the inability to react. Whereas, one could presume that if the stimulation was intermittent, one could react intermittently. Furthermore, if the stimulation ceased, one could react always. (source) p. 468source See our excerpt for different types of impression and their influences-- p. 466 E.g. moving through traffic, “ a series of shocks and collision ” ; in a large city – looking at but not talking to people.

10. Sources of indifference: Urban Environment  Dominated by money economy + intellectualism (466) + excessive stimuli   matter-of-fact attitude   indifference to individuality. (also 469)   calculative mind.  P. 470 loss of individuality and personal life

11. Simmel: City vs. Country  In a rural or small town context we find a personality born of the “ smoothly flowing rhythm of the sensory-mental phase ”, it “ rests more on feelings and emotional relationships ” ;  in the city, meanwhile we find an “ intellectualistic ” psyche which through an “ intensification of consciousness ” has developed a “ protective shield ” with which to survive rapid “ fluctuations and discontinuities in the external milieu. ”

12. the urban psyche: summary  Has mastered instrumental calculation, the quantification and assimilation of diverse data  Has become indifferent towards others (blas é )  Has gradually suppressed feelings or emotions  Do you agree? Are all of our responses similar to nervous reflexivity?

13. Le Corbusier  Total modernism  Clear the city of its cesspools (e.g. slums, etc. p. 447)  Develop and separate a city ’ s four functions:housing (high rises), work, recreation and traffic (from pedestrians)  Re-design our lives.

14. Le Corbusier Villa SavoyeVilla Savoye, by Le Corbusier, at Poissy, France, 1928 to 1929.

15. Le Corbusier

16. References  GreatBuildings.com http://www.greatbuildings.com/gbc.html http://www.greatbuildings.com/gbc.html  Vienna's Ringstrasse http://www.macalester.edu/courses/geog 61/aaron/ http://www.macalester.edu/courses/geog 61/aaron/ http://www.macalester.edu/courses/geog 61/aaron/  Le Corbusier 1. http://www.greatbuildings.com/buildings/ Centre_Le_Corbusier.html http://www.greatbuildings.com/buildings/ Centre_Le_Corbusier.html http://www.greatbuildings.com/buildings/ Centre_Le_Corbusier.html 2. http://www.tu- harburg.de/b/kuehn/lecorb.html http://www.tu- harburg.de/b/kuehn/lecorb.htmlhttp://www.tu- harburg.de/b/kuehn/lecorb.html