1. The Five Themes of Geography
Edited by Joe Naumann, UMSL

2. What is geography?

3. Geography is the study of the earth and the ways people live and work
Comes from the Greek word geographia “description of the earth”

4. What are the 5 themes?
The five themes are what geographers examine when learning about a destination.
Location
Place
Movement
Human-Environment Interaction
Region

5. Where are we? LOCATION answers this question in geography.
There are two types of LOCATION.
Absolute Location
Relative Location

6. Location Absolute Location: The exact location of a country.
This location can never move or change.
Uses latitude & longitude
Can be an address including the zip code

7. Location Relative Location
The location of a place in relation to another geographic feature.
Where is Lake Mead in relation to Las Vegas?

8. What is it like?
PLACE is what is described by people when they return from a destination.
What do you imagine when you think of:
China
Russia
France
India

9. Place
When looking at a place we need to examine two kinds of characteristics.
Physical Characteristics
Human Characteristics

10. Place Physical Characteristics:
Describes the land forms, vegetation, and climate of a location.
Las Vegas
Valley-land surrounded by mountains & hills.
Shrubs and cactus
Dry, hot desert
Miami, Florida
Lowlands, swamps, and beaches
Tropical flora and fauna
Humid and hot

11. Place Human Characteristics: Examines the humans of the area.
How many people live, work, and visit a place?
What are their languages, customs, and beliefs?
How does their economy work?
What type of government do they have & how does it work?

12. Human Characteristics of USA
Commonalities
Languages?
Religions?
Economy?
Government?
Popular Locations?

13. Human Characteristics of USA
Common languages: English & Spanish
Religions: Christianity, Judaism, Islam, and many other religions.
Economy: Mixed market
Government: Democratic federal republic
Popular Locations: Disney World, NYC, Las Vegas, LA, and Washington, D.C.

14. Human-Environment Interaction
How do humans and the environment affect each other?
Alteration: we change the environment & sometimes Mother Nature changes it back.
Panama Canal
Levies on floodplains (Earth City)
Adaptation: when we cannot change the environment, we have to adjust to it.
Floods in Mid-west
Hurricane Andrew & Katrina
California mudslides

15. Hurricane Andrew

16. Hurricane Andrew

17. Mudslide

18. H.E.I - Continued There are three (3) key concepts to HEI.
Humans adapt on the environment
Mississippi River for transportation & water.
Wearing clothes that are suitable for the weather.
Humans alter the environment
Heating & cooling buildings for comfort
Build pools which increase humidity levels
Humans depend on the environment
Humans use the plants and animals as food and as raw materials
Humans extract minerals from the earth’s crust to use as raw materials for making products

19. H.E.I. - Continued
Environment is not just nature, but it is also a feeling!
What is the environment of a big city with Los Angeles or New York City?

20. Movement: the transfer of material and non-material entities from one location to another.
Our world has been shaped by the movement of:
Material entities
People, resources, and Goods
Non-material entities
Mass Communication & energy
We live in a global community and economy that depends on huge amounts of movement.

21. Movement-Continued
Humans occupy places unevenly on Earth due to the environment.
We interact through Movement: travel, trade, and information.

22. Regions Basic unit of study in geography.
Display a unity in terms of a common characteristic.
Government
Language
Landforms

23. Regions-Continued There are three types of regions Formal Functional
Vernacular

24. Formal Regions Defined by governmental or administrative boundaries.
States
Countries
Continents
Landforms
Cultures
Languages
Religions, etc.

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Functional Regions
Defined by a function.
Airline Service Area
Newspaper Areas
If the function ceases, the region no longer exists.
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26. Vernacular Regions Loosely defined by people’s perception.
The U.S. South
The U.S. Midwest
The Middle East
The U.S. Northeast
The U.S. Bible Belt