1. Post-traumatic Stress Disorder & Acute Stress Disorder Abnormal Psychology

2. Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) ______________ 1)Objective event a)Event characteristics: Actual/threatened death or serious injury Threat to physical integrity

3. b)Role in trauma: Experienced Witnessed Confronted with 2)Subjective response Fear, ____________, horror

4. 3 clusters of sxs (Criteria B, C, D) 1)Reexperience trauma (1) e.g., memories, dreams, flashbacks 2)Numbed responsiveness & avoidance (3) e.g., feel detached, restricted range of affect, avoid thoughts/feelings/conversations, can’t remember 3)________________ sxs (2) e.g., trouble sleeping, exaggerated startle response

5. Acute Stress Disorder (ASD) 1)Dissociative sxs (3) a)depersonalization = feel cut off from self or envir b)_____________ = feel self or world is unreal 2)Reexperience trauma (1) 3)Marked avoidance 4)Marked anxiety or arousal

6. Course: PTSD vs. ASD PTSD ASD More than 1 mo sx duration 2 days – 4 wks Acute: < 3 mos Chronic: > 3 mos W/in 3 mosonsetw/in 4 wks Delayed: > 6 mos

7. Additional Issues Comorbidity: Substance use (self- medicating?) Malingering = pretending to have disorder, to achieve gain __________ memories (Loftus) –Memories can be created, implanted –Poor memory, especially before age 3 or 4

8. 1)________________ Female Cognitive coping style History of PTSD, depression Training 2)Event Variables Severity (personal danger, injury/death, etc.) Human cause PTSD Risk Factors

9. 3)Environment Variables _______________ Social view of trauma Controllable, predictable

10. Prevalence DSM-IV: 1-14% Differences: –Populations – some have ________________ e.g., male, urban, occupation risk factors –Measurement e.g., questionnaire, interview, phone