1. Textanalysis and History Session Six Travel Writing: Mark Twain

2. Agenda Assignment One Fiction and non-fiction Travel writing – key terms Group work Discussion

3. Fiction, non-fiction, and the literary mind Fictional and non-fictional contracts: Virginia Woolf, Orlando: A Biography and ”William J. Clinton” The literary mind

4. Travel and Travel Writing Why travel? Why write or make tv programmes about travel? Why read about travel? Why watch travel programmes http://palinstravels.co.uk/index.php

5. Travel writing: the key aspects according to Fussel Fiction –Comic novel –Romance Quest Pastoral Picaresque –Allegory Non-fiction: –Essay –Memoir –Autobiography

6. Elements of non-fiction in travel writing Essay: moral purpose Memoir: encounters with great men / important events Autobiography

7. Elements of fiction in travel writing Comic novel –Comic anomalies: normal vs weird

8. Elements of fiction in travel writing Romance –Quest: tripartite structure (home-away-home)

9. Elements of fiction in travel writing Romance –Pastoral: Contrasts between an observer and the observed: Rich – complex – sophisticated - city – morally inferior Poor – simple - country – morally superior –Pastoral elegy Lament of loss, change, or death

10. Elements of fiction in travel writing Romance –Quest: tripartite structure (home-away-home) –Pastoral (elegy): Contrasts between an observer and the observed: Rich – complex – sophisticated - city – morally inferior Poor – simple - country – morally superior –Picaresque: Real vs ideal. Deflation

11. Elements of fiction in travel writing Allegory –Travelling = reading and writing –Traveller = reader or writer –Unknown = the text

12. Travel writing as ”displaced” romance ”All this is to suggest that the modern travel book is what Northrop Frye would call a myth that has been ’displaced’ – that is, lowered brought down to earth, rendered credible ’scientifically’ […]” (Fussell 1980: 208)

13. Group Work Elements of displaced romance in Mark Twain’s Innocents Abroad