1. European Commission Policy on Gender and Research Thessaloniki, 13 February 2009 European Commission, DG Research Dir. L Science, Economy and Society Unit L.4 Scientific Culture and Gender Issues johannes.klumpers@ec.europa.e johannes.klumpers@ec.europa.e Horizontal Unit L.1 Dionysia.lagiou@ec.europa.euDionysia.lagiou@ec.europa.eu

2. Cooperation mio € 32,365 Cooperation mio € 32,365 Ideas mio € 7460 Ideas mio € 7460 People mio € 4728 People mio € 4728 Capacities mio € 4217 Capacities mio € 4217 FP7 2007-2013 + JRC (nuclear & non- nuclear) + Euratom Infrastructures mio € 1700 SME mio € 1336 Regions mio € 126 Potential mio € 370 Science in Society mio € 330 International mio € 185

3. Gender and research More dynamic governance of the science and society relationship More dynamic governance of the science and society relationship Strengthening potentials, broadening horizons Strengthening potentials, broadening horizons Science and society communicate Science and society communicate Place of science and technology in society Society’s engagement on science issues Our science system, its professional codes, expertise Role of the universities in the social fabric Young people between science education and research careers Two-way communication of science and the public, and role of the media Science in Society 3 action lines:

4. Sub-Parts (Action lines) Broken down into Activities Activities give the objectives and cover a number of “Areas” (budgets defined at this level) Each Area covers one or more Topics along with their intended Impact Not all Areas are covered each year – remember there will be annual workprogrammes during the life of FP7. All topics open to international cooperation: one topic 1.2.2.1(European & international awareness of ethical aspects of security technologies) is particularly suited

5. The background Courtesy of AMONET

6. Legal basis: The Treaty The Community shall: Art. 2: promote … equality between men and women… Art. 3: eliminate inequalities, and to promote equality between men and women… in all the activities [incl.R&TD] Art. 13: the Council… may take appropriate action to combat discrimination based on sex… Art. 137: the Community shall support…equality between men and women with regard to labour market opportunitiesz and treatment at work Art. 141: Each MS shall ensure that the principle of equal pay for male and female workers for equal work or work of equal value is applied. –The Council shall adopt measures to ensure the application of equal opportunities and equal treatment of men and women in matters of employment. –[To ensure] full equality in practice between men and women in working life, the principle of equal treatment shall not prevent MS from adopting measures providing specific advantages … for the underrepresented sexd to pursue a vocational activity or compensate for disadvantages in professional careers.

7. Why ? Improving scientific excellence Increasing the number of women in Science & Engineering How ? Ensuring that the gender dimension is properly addressed in EU-funded research content Promoting the participation of women scientists in Framework Programme activities Reaching out to schools to combat early stage Gender stereotypes Specific programmes for Women in research and technological development Initial Objectives

8. 1. Women and Science Policy èWomen in Science Commission Communication (1999) Political forum and Gender Watch System (40%) èScience and Society Action Plan (2000) èFP6 Science and Society - Women and Science Sector/Unit Women and Science Activities: Networking – Sex-disaggregated data collection – Private Sector – new MS analysis and comparison of national policies, experts' advice, mentoring schemes, exchange of knowledge Experts Groups (esp. Helsinki Group, Enwise, WIRDEM, STAT…)

9. 2. Women and Science Policy  The Commission Working Document (SEC (2005) 370 of 11 March 2005) Excellence and innovation - Gender equality in science (2005) (25%) takes stock of achievements since 2000 and sets out priorities for the future èCouncil Conclusions of 18 April 2005 based on the COM WD èGender pact (European Council, 23/24 March 2006)

10. Women in Science rationale èMore women in science by: Monitoring number of Women in Science (She Figures & Gender Watch) Working conditions in scientific professions (WLB, Partnership for Researchers) Science Education (see later) Promoting networks (EPWS) Bringing change into research organisations èGender mainstreaming: Ensuring that gender is properly taken into account when formulating research questions Identify research themes that would benefit from looking at gender issues

11. Specific actions for women in science (budget: €18 million over 4 years) Ambassadors of science (WomeninNano, DIVA,… ) Mentoring programmes (EUMENT-NET, Set Routes, Advance …) Networking: Women scientists networks in the new Member States, European Platform of Women Scientists (EPWS) Participation of women in specific sectors (construction, transport, medicine…) PROMETEA – Empowering Women Engineers Careers in Industrial and Academic Research (incl. Greek partners) Gender Action Plans for IP and NoE To increase women's participation To integrate a gender dimension in research projects Women in Science (FP6)

12. FP6 - Specific Activities with the Private Sector Women in Industrial Research (WIR) 2003 –Statistics on number of women in industial research –Call of CEO’s from 7 companies to analyse gender diversity as a business case Women in Science and Technology (WIST) 2006 –Expert Group and companies –«Gender management – the business case» report

13. 1.Research Infrastructures 2.Research for the benefit of SMEs 3.Regions of Knowledge 4.Research Potential of Convergence Regions 5.Science in Society 6.Support to the coherent development of Research Policies 7.International Co-operation Action Line 2: Strengthening potential, broadening horizons Gender and research Young people and science Women in Science (FP7 Capacities)

14. References to gender in Work Programmes: Health, environment, nanotechnologies… Possibility of gender-focused projects At project level: Possibility of gender equality actions in projects (as part of a Work Package) with reporting Responsibility of all actors in the objective of gender equality, and implementation of gender mainstreaming At specific programme level: Call for proposals on specific topics for “Women in science” and “gender in science” Women in Science (FP7 Capacities)

15. Women in Science Work Programme (2007) 2007: Meta-analysis on gender and research (horizontal / vertical segregation) Survey on positive action schemes for women in decision-making (EU, USA, Australia, Canada): PRAGES project Gender training / toolkit for FP7 (tender) Expert group “Gender and Excellence; focus on grant and funding systems, and transparency and accountability Expert group “Women in science and technology follow-up”: Work-life balance and dual career Leaky pipeline - involving universities

16. Call for proposals: three topics Gender management in research organisation Research on the influence of perception of science in study Choice Gender and leadership in medicine “Stock-taking of 10 years’ activities on women in science” 2009 Conference She Figures 2009 (tender) Women in Science Work Programme (2008)

17. Call for proposals published on September 3rd Closing date : January 13th, 2009 Budget available: 5.6 M€ Topics: Involving research bodies in the debate on gender and research Mobilising science centres and museums on women and science Women in Science Work Programme (2009)

18. Where do we stand

19. Proportions of men & women in a typical academic career (headcount) in 1999 & 2003 Definition of grades: A-The single highest grade/post at which research is normally conducted within the institutional or corporate system, B -Researchers working in positions not as senior as top position (A) but more senior than the newly qualified PhD holders, C-The first grade/post into which a newly qualified PhD (ISCED6) graduate would normally be recruited within the institutional or corporate system. Where do we stand

20. Proportions of men & women in a typical academic career – 1999-2003 EU-25, headcount, nat. science and eng. fields Definitions: Grade A - The single highest grade/post at which research is normally conducted, Grade B - Researchers working in positions not as senior as top position (A) but more senior than the newly qualified PhD holders, Grade C - The first grade/post into which a newly qualified PhD (ISCED6) graduate would normally be recruited ISCED 6 – Advanced higher education programmes (PhD) ISCED 5A – Basic higher education programmes (Bachelors and Masters) leading to access to advanced university studies (PhD) Where do we stand

21. Latvia54 % Bulgaria48 % Romania42 % Lithuania37 % Greece35 % Iceland33 % Slovakia 31 % Portugal30 % Slovenia28 % Poland28 % Spain27 % Sweden25 % Denmark25 % Turkey25 % Hungary25 % Estonia24 % Cyprus22 % France20 % Irelande20 % Czech Rep.20 % % women researchers in the private sector in 2003 40-60% women 20-40 % women Source: Eurostat R&D statistics (WiS database, DG Research for IL) EU-25 calculated by DG Research Exception to reference year 2003; CH, PL: 2000, AT, BE, FI, TR: 2002 Estimated data: SE Unavailable data: MT, UK Full time equivalent (FTE) instead of headcount: IL EU 25: 18 % Women 0-20 % women Norway19 % Italy19 % Finland18 % Belgium18 % Switzerland17 % Luxembourg 14 % Germany12 % Austria10 % Netherlands 9 %

22. èSurvey on EPO patents as a measure of innovation output in FR, DE, IT, NL, ES, UK between 1993/1997 PatVal-EU survey (2007) - www.sciencedirect.comwww.sciencedirect.com In terms of talent and workforce, the potential of female researchers in Europe in underused on the job market Overall % of female inventors: only 2.8!! èRemuneration of Researchers in Public and Private Sector Published by the European Commission in April 2007 Average yearly salaries of researchers in EU+FP countries, disaggregated by gender, show considerable pay gaps Where do we stand

23. Recent outcomes Women in Science and Technology (WIST) – The Business Perspective, 2006 Mapping the Maze: Getting More Women to the Top in Research (WIRDEM expert group) – Identifies positive actions and gender equality measures at national and institutional levels to promote women into senior positions in public research 2008 – Recommends: EU and MS should fund networks and support public awareness Make gender balance in decision-making posts mandatory Measures for adequate work-life balance for men and women Benchmarking of Policy Measures for Gender Equality in Science – updates previous Helsinki Group Report of 2002, 2008 – EU 27 + AC + Western Balkans

24. Coming next Meta-analysis Tender Analysis of all gender and research literature produced in Europe (27 MS + 6 AC) over the last 25 years Will include horizontal and vertical segregation, causes and effects Work will be divided by arguments and it will include country reports Contract signed beginning 2008

25. Coming next 2009 – Conference “stock taking” – 10 years of Women in Science, and avenues for future work, under CZ Presidency (Prague, May 2009) 2009 – She Figures 2009 (previous editions 2003 and 2006) Gender Toolkit (contract recently signed; provides a toolkit and training to train researchers and research policy-makers on how to properly address gender)

26. Science in Society More information: lRelevant websites: èSINAPSE http://ec.europa.eu/sinapse/sinapse/index.cfm èSCIENCE IN SOCIETY PORTAL http://ec.europa.eu/research/science- society/home_en.cfm èFORUM 2005 http://ec.europa.eu/research/science- society/page_en.cfm?id=3173 èSCIENCE AND SOCIETY in FP7 – CORDIS WEBSITE http://cordis.europa.eu/fp7/capacities/science-society_en.html èUNIVERSITIES hhtp.//ec.europa.eu/eracareers/index_en.cfm èFind previous projects and partners – useful for locating prospective partners http://ec.europa.eu/research/science- society/index.cfm?fuseaction=public.topic&id=66 EVALUATORS, please (re)-register at: https://cordis.europa.eu/emmfp7/index.cfm?fuseaction=wel.welcome

27. Thank you for attention! Website: http://www.ec.europa.eu Women in Science: http://ec.europa.eu/research/science- society/page_en.cfm?id=3197