1. 0202 IAT 102 Graphic Design

2. 0202 Typography: origin of movable type Typeface Grid

3. Design elements essential to good visual communication:  Shape and Form  Spatial Awareness (layout and grid systems)  Typography: understanding what type is + how to work with it  Dynamics, Emphasis and Contrast  Using Colour for emphasis, orientation or decoration

4. Typography Content and images taken from: Lupton’s Thinking with Type, Megg’s History of Graphic Design and Jubert’s Typography and Graphic Design

5. Psalter-Hours English, 13th Century A.D. Walters Art Museum, Baltimore, MD. Before the invention of the printing press, handwritten documents were riddled with errors. Scribes invented visual, artistic ways to salvage these laboriously crafted objects.

6. Illuminated Manuscripts (1342 A.D.) Celtic, 12 th century, Hungary

7. Early European block printing (1466 A.D.) - book design

8. Gutenberg’s moveable Type in Europe (1453-1455 A.D.) metal type

9. Chinese movable type (c. 1300 B.C.)

10. Letterpress technology a classic typographic page Typographic design is not only an act of mark making, but also of spacing.

11. Typographic design with white space Emil Ruder, 1967

12. Leading refers to the thin strips of lead that divide the horizontal lines of type. A font size is determined by the entire piece of metal. Therefore, not all 10pt. fonts look exactly the same - they can have differing x-heights.

13. origin

14. Letter anatomy

15. Typeface Content and images taken from: Craig’s Designing with Type and Saffer’s Designing for Interaction

16. Typefaces commonly called fonts categorized into two groups called serif sans-serif

17. (top) Garamond circa 1500s and (bottom) Gill Sans 1927 typeface Serif typefaces are easy to read and are excellent for long passages of text (e.g. books) Sans-serif typefaces are generally used for shorter passages of text and for text that is meant to be scanned quickly (e.g. signage)

18. Typeface, serif + sans serif

19. Old Style Font: (Centaur) - Axis inclined - Moderate contrast

20. Transitional Font: (Baskerville) - Axis vertical - Moderate contrast

21. Modern Font: (Bodoni) - Axis vertical - strong contrast

22. Egyptian Font: (Rockwell) - low contrast - strong serifs

23. Sans Serif Font (Grotesque): (Helvetica) - no serifs

24. widow

25. A single line on the top of a page is also called widow

26. orphan if the first line of a paragraph appears on its own at the bottom of a page, we call it an orphan

27. widows and orphans

28. Typeface is an important choice in any visual interface, providing not only a platform for useable, readable, and clear labels and text, but also personality.

34. word spacing

37. line length

40. Grids

41. Grids are the underlying structure of any document.

42. A grid system helps designers organize information into a coherent pattern.

43. A grid is a reusable system for multi-page and/or multi-issue publications.

44. single-column grid

46. multi-column grid

48. modular grid

50. How to work with a grid?

51. 1. Select a page format and a type area

52. 2. Divide type area into columns

53. 3. Insert horizontal divisions

54. 4. Choose appropriate font sizes

55. Josef Müller-Brockmann

57. Grid systems in graphic design, Josef Müller-Brockmann, Niggli, 1981, Zurich Josef Müller-Brockmann

58. Announcements: - Pop Quiz next week

59. fin