1. co Chapter 7 Light

2. High frequency → High energy Low energy → low frequency Fig. 7.3 Speed of light = 3.0 x 10 8 m/s Electromagnetic radiation

3. Fig. 7.4 Blackbody radiation According to Max Planck, the energy of vibrating molecules exists only in multiples of certain fixed amounts

4. Fig. 7.11 The law of reflection

5. Fig. 7.12 A mirror produces a virtual image A virtual image cannot be projected onto a screen A real image can be projected

6. Fig. 7.13 Refraction (bending) of a light ray.

7. Fig. 7.14 Direction of refraction (bending) of light

8. Fig. 7.16 Formation of a mirage by bending of light Our brains interpret the refracted light as reflected light Light travels faster in warmer air

9. Fig. 7.17 Roses are red because they reflect red light

10. Box Fig. 7.1 Two types of lenses Converging lens Diverging lens

11. Box Fig. 7.3 The human eye

12. Box Fig. 7.4 accomodation

13. Box Fig. 7.7 How a rainbow is formed light is refracted with blue being refracted more than red is refracted White ROYGIBIV

14. Fig. 7.18 Young’s double-slit experiment Interference pattern

15. Fig. 7.19 Polarization of light Consider light to be transverse waves

16. Fig. 7.20 Two ways to position two polaraizers

17. Fig. 7.21 Reflected light may be polarized

18. Fig. 7.22 The photoelectric effect Explanation by Einstein: Light must strike metal as small particles (quanta) Light intensity has no effect on the energy of the ejected electrons E photon = hf h = Planck’s constant = 6.63 x 10 -34 J photons

19. Fig. 7.23 Light is both a wave and a particle