1. Engendering Government Budgets Market-Led Globalization and Government Budgets

2. 17.12.2004 Engendering Government Budgets – Johann Jäckel2 Structure Government Budgets and Gender Bias Expenditure and Revenue Market-Led Globalization Fiscal Democracy

3. 17.12.2004 Engendering Government Budgets – Johann Jäckel3 Budgets Key instruments of public (re-)distribution Neo-liberal vs. Keynesian budget policies Mainstream approaches are genderblind Need for gender-disagregated data

4. 17.12.2004 Engendering Government Budgets – Johann Jäckel4 Expenditure & Revenue Expenditure: Gender equality in distribution of public assets Gender-sensitive formulation of sectoral budgets Analysis of the impact of public spending on women and men Revenue: Different burdens through tax systems and user fees for public services Provision of public services affects women and men differently

5. 17.12.2004 Engendering Government Budgets – Johann Jäckel5 The Fiscal Squeeze through Market- Led Globalization Reduction of possible revenues: Trade liberalization Privatization of public services National competitiveness Pressure for sustainable budgets International organizations restricting governments choices: Structural Adjustment Programs of the IMF and the Worldbank Investment agreements and competition policies enforced by the WTO

6. 17.12.2004 Engendering Government Budgets – Johann Jäckel6 „Financial institutions, rather than the vote of citizens, now discipline the size of governments budgets.“

7. 17.12.2004 Engendering Government Budgets – Johann Jäckel7 Fiscal Democracy Reform of Budget policies: Transparency Accountability Participation Equal voice for all citizens Elected representatives Public consultations Shared decision-making Entitlement to public services

8. 17.12.2004 Engendering Government Budgets – Johann Jäckel8 Discussion What can fiscal democracy on a national level achieve under conditions of neo-liberal globalization? Are gender budgets merely subsidizing the existing gender relations? What is the role of governments in international institutions implementing neo-liberal policies?