1. Modern Optics Lab Modern Optics Lab Introductory Meeting

2. Modern Optics Lab Contact Information Lab Organization: Gernot Laicher South Physics 410 (801) 585-5553 gernot@physics.utah.edu Teaching Assistants: Prof. Tho Nguyen (Thursday and Friday Sections) thonguyen08@gmail.com Fei Teng (Tuesday and Wednesday Sections) tengfei1220@gmail.com Website: http://www.physics.utah.edu/~gernot/Modern Optics/Modern Optics.html

3. Modern Optics Lab Lab Format Lab descriptions will be on our website (pdf files). Before the lab: * Read through lab description. * Try to understand the principle of the experiment and the data evaluation methods. * Think about the format of your lab report. Labs are done individually, not in groups. A short introduction/overview to the lab activity is usually given at the beginning of the lab. Lab report is written during the lab activity and submitted at the end of the 4 hour lab period. 12 labs are planned over the course of the class (may vary).

4. Modern Optics Lab Grading in Modern Optics Quizzes: 15% Midterm Exams: 20% Final Exam: 30% Lab Grade: 35% Your lab score is obtained as follows: 90%: Grade received for lab reports 10%: General Lab conduct - Displayed interest/diligence in lab activity - Ability to answer questions asked by TA - Cleanliness of workspace at the end of the lab - Creativity - Punctuality

5. Modern Optics Lab Guidelines for Writing the Lab Report Keep in mind the main purpose of a lab report which is a written record of the a) purpose of the lab activity, b) methods and techniques - experimentally and mathematically, c) raw data as measured and their uncertainties, d) data analysis (e.g., computations) including error propagation, e) conclusions derived from your data analysis. “Say what needs to be said” as efficiently, concise, and clear as possible – we are not writing novels. A picture is worth a thousand words:  Include a sketch of the apparatus when describing the methods.  Label what’s on the sketch. Don’t forget units ! Don’t submit messy lab reports in which the TA needs to “fish for information”.

6. Modern Optics Lab Lab Report Grading General guideline (may vary somewhat depending on lab activity and TA): 20% Purpose, Methods, Techniques ….. 30%Raw Data Record 20%Data Analysis 10%Error calculation - Measurement uncertainties in raw data - Propagation of error 20%General appearance and organization - Legible ? - Looks organized ? - Easy to follow ?

7. Modern Optics Lab Extra Lab Time If you run out of time before completing the lab:  Talk to the TA, see whether he can arrange extra lab time on T,W,H, or F (Mondays generally not available) to complete an activity. For up to two lab activities extra time may be granted (no guarantee). Extra time  Automatic 15% reduction in lab report grade (exception: illness, etc.).

8. Modern Optics Lab Lab Report Deadlines 1)Submit at the end of lab period, if possible. 2)Deadlines: Tuesday section: Wednesday by 5 p.m. Wednesday section: Thursday by 5 p.m. Thursday section: Friday by 5 p.m. Friday section: Mondays by 1:45 p.m. (just before the lecture) 3) Lab reports turned in after the deadline described above will have credit deducted as follows: 10% off for every extra day late *. Example: A lab report from a Tuesday section that is not turned in by Wednesday at 5 p.m. but is instead turned in on Friday at 3 p.m. will have a 20% penalty deducted. So, if a student would have gotten a 68% score, the adjusted score will be 68%*0.8=54.4%. *For the Friday section: Lab reports turned in later than Mondays 1:15 p.m. will immediately start with a 20% late penalty and increment by 10% every day at 10 a.m.. That is because the Friday section already has an extra 1.8 days over the weekend.*

9. Modern Optics Lab Lab Report Deadlines 4) Reports turned into the TAs mailbox (JFB 220 for Fei Teng and JFB 201 for Prof. Nguyen): Have the lab report dated and signed by the secretary in JFB 201 before putting it in the TAs mailbox. Unsigned/undated reports: TA will assume that the report was turned in 5 minutes before the mailbox was emptied by the TA. 5) If a student makes up a missed lab due to illness, etc., the deadline for the lab report is accordingly the day after he/she makes up that lab activity. 6)If extra lab time is granted: Turn in the lab report at 1 day after the extra lab time is performed (5pm or 1:45pm on Mondays). Automatic15% deduction for extra lab time still applies.

10. Modern Optics Lab Missing a lab due to Illness, etc. Arrange with the TA a way to make up the missed lab activity. - If possible, in another section the same week. - Alternatively a time outside the regular lab hours may be arranged between you and TA. - Worst case: We may waive a lab and base your grade on the remaining average. You cannot expect to be allowed to make up a lab activity without penalty unless you have a very good reason (illness, etc.).

11. Modern Optics Lab Sample Lab Report Pages

12. Modern Optics Lab Significant Figures and Uncertainty Report uncertainties (error) in measurements to one significant digit Make sure the position of the least significant digit of the measured value agrees with that of the uncertainty.

13. Modern Optics Lab Estimating and Reporting Uncertainty Estimation of uncertainty from a single measurement due to measuring device (e.g., ability to read out a scale) Uncertainty in repeated measurements and averaging (averaging 5 or more measurements to get mean)  calculate standard deviation of the mean

14. Modern Optics Lab Error Propagation Calculating the error in the final result based on the error in the measured quantity can be done in several ways. a) Calculate the “high” and “low” possible outcome based on using extreme values of input data (x+  x and x-  x). b) Doing a “proper” error calculation.

15. Modern Optics Lab “High/Low” Method Suppose you measure a quantity and it’s uncertainty ….and you want to calculate the value of a function f(x) and the uncertainty  f of the function f(x) at the point x=x o

16. Modern Optics Lab

18. General Error Propagation Method

19. Modern Optics Lab Example

20. Modern Optics Lab Example

21. Modern Optics Lab Example using “High/Low” Method Method overestimates error somewhat