1. Field evaluation of an advanced brake warning system David Shinar Human Factors 1995 Presented by: Derrick Smets

2. Overview With rear end collisions constituting more than ¼ of all multiple vehicle crashes, new research into preventative measures is needed With rear end collisions constituting more than ¼ of all multiple vehicle crashes, new research into preventative measures is needed One possible solution is an Advanced Brake Warning system (ABW) One possible solution is an Advanced Brake Warning system (ABW) This study presents the facts regarding the Red Alert ABW system manufactured by Baran Advance Technologies in Isreal This study presents the facts regarding the Red Alert ABW system manufactured by Baran Advance Technologies in Isreal

3. Purpose

4. Purpose

5. Purpose To validate the use of an ABW system to aid the existing warning systems. To validate the use of an ABW system to aid the existing warning systems. –Third Brake Light To test the ABW system in different vehicles with different transmissions (auto and manual) to see if there is a significant difference in use of the ABW system between vehicle types To test the ABW system in different vehicles with different transmissions (auto and manual) to see if there is a significant difference in use of the ABW system between vehicle types

6. Background For over 25 years researchers have been developing and testing ideas for ways to prevent traffic accidents from occurring For over 25 years researchers have been developing and testing ideas for ways to prevent traffic accidents from occurring Many improvements have been implemented, such as the high mounted third brake light, but there is still need to further develop ways to prevent accidents from occuring Many improvements have been implemented, such as the high mounted third brake light, but there is still need to further develop ways to prevent accidents from occuring

7. Method

8. Method 6 vehicles were used, 4 cars and 2 trucks 6 vehicles were used, 4 cars and 2 trucks –2 Subaru sedans 1.6L w/ Automatic Trans –2 Subaru sedans 1.6L w/ Manual Trans –2 Mitsubishi trucks 1.6L w/ Manual Trans Cars were communally used by many drivers who were unaware of the study Cars were communally used by many drivers who were unaware of the study

9. Method 5 things recorded 5 things recorded –Total number of braking actions –Total number of ABW activations –Number of braking actions lasting less that 1 second –Number of ABW activations followed by braking –Number of ABW activations followed by braking lasting less than 1 second

10. Results

11. Analysis Tests were run to determine the significance of parameters Tests were run to determine the significance of parameters –Brake applications and short brake applications were significantly correlated to distance driven (r=0.96 and r=0.89) –Abrupt braking and distance where not significantly correlated, due to either frequency of emergency braking needed, or driving style

12. Conclusions Over a period of 61,668 km (38319 miles) the false alarm rate of this ABW system was only 4 times per 1000 km Over a period of 61,668 km (38319 miles) the false alarm rate of this ABW system was only 4 times per 1000 km Compared to the average number of times the brakes were pressed for less than a second, which was 167 times per 1000, this system did not pose a threat to traffic safety, and could be a big benefit to any following motorist Compared to the average number of times the brakes were pressed for less than a second, which was 167 times per 1000, this system did not pose a threat to traffic safety, and could be a big benefit to any following motorist

13. Future Study with this ABW system to determine if it statistically improves traffic safety Study with this ABW system to determine if it statistically improves traffic safety Radar based sensors for detecting rapid change in surrounding vehicle speed Radar based sensors for detecting rapid change in surrounding vehicle speed –Mercedes new S class – Cruise control