2.  1861-1865

3.  Lincoln wins with only 40% of the votes, all cast in the north, southern power is lessened  It sent the message to the south that they were a minority section and sooner or later slavery would try to be abolished  Talks of secession emerge.

4.  In Charleston, South Carolina delegates attending a state convention, vote to leave the Union December 20, 1860  They argued the doctrine of states rights- states had the right to join or leave the union  Six more states soon follow and leave the Union “The UNION IS DISSOLVED”

5.  March 4, 1861 Lincoln becomes president  In his inaugural address he states that the secession is wrong and unconstitutional  “In your hands, my dissatisfied fellow countrymen, and not in mine, is the momentous issue of civil war” A. Lincoln  General Ulysses S. Grant and Commander George McClellan

6.  April 12, 1861- Confederate troops attack Fort Sumter  Fort Sumter was a federal outpost in Charleston, SC  Lincoln sends in ships of supplies to defend the fort  34 hours later, the defenders surrender  The war had begun

7. The states that leave the Union form the Confederate States of America The Civil War Who was involved? #1 The Confederate States of America

8. The Civil War Who was involved? #2 The Union (Free States & Territories)

9. Who was involved? #3 The Border States Border states— Delaware, Kentucky, Maryland, and Missouri— between the North and South did not join the Confederacy, but people were divided on the war.

10. Becomes the president of the Confederate states of America Firm believer in states rights. “Our present condition…illustrates the American idea that American government rests upon the consent of the governed” General Robert E. Lee

11.  North Population: 22 million 4 million men of combat age South Population: 9 million 1.2 million men of fighting age 3.5 million slaves North has the advantage in population

12.  North Economy: 100,000 Factories 70,000 miles of Railroad $190,000 in bank deposits South Economy: 20,000 factories 9,000 miles of Railroad $50,000 in bank deposits North has the advantage in industrial power Advantages and Disadvantages:

13.  North Armed Forces: mostly drafted soldiers with overly cautious officers More soldiers African Americans - 10% of Union forces Strong navy South Armed Forces: better trained soldiers & better leadership No real navy North has the advantage in # of soldiers, but South in the quality of soldiers & generals Advantages and Disadvantages:

14. North Government - Strong well- established government South Government - Weak government, most power given to states North has a stronger government, better able to direct resources (people & products) towards the war Advantages and Disadvantages:

15.  North Motivation: Preserve the union Later - free the slaves South Motivation: Preserve way of life Who has the advantage in motivation? You decide. Advantages and Disadvantages:

16.  Lincoln and Winfield Scott planned the war strategy Anaconda Plan  Step 1 Surround the south by land and sea to cut off its trade  Step 2 Divide the Confederacy into sections so one region could not help the other  Step 3 Capture Richmond, Virginia- the capital of the Confederacy.

17.  Planned to defend itself until the north lost the will to fight  Counting on European money and supplies to help fight the war.

18. Northern Commander Ulysses S. Grant -- “When in doubt, fight” U.S. Grant Son of an Ohio tailor & drunken failure until the Civil War Reputation for boldness, resourcefulness, &persistance

19. Southern Commander Robert E. Lee “It is a good thing war is so terrible; else we should grow too fond of it” -- R.E. Lee Offered command of Union armies Brilliant southern gentleman from one of country’s oldest families Family plantation occupied early in the war and turned into Arlington National Cemetary