1. Dewan290-F991 Collaborative Applications Prasun Dewan Department of Computer Science University of North Carolina CB 3175 Sitterson Hall Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3175 dewan@cs.unc.edu http:/www.cs.unc.edu/~dewan

2. Dewan290-F992

3. Dewan290-F993 Definition User 1 User 2 Coupling Potentially Real-Time I/O Collaborative Application

4. Dewan290-F994 Traditional Collaborative Applications File save User 1User 2 load Mail Talk send User 2 receive User 1 hi hello User 2User 1 hi hello

5. Dewan290-F995

6. Dewan290-F996

7. Dewan290-F997

8. Dewan290-F998

9. Dewan290-F999

10. Dewan290-F9910

11. Dewan290-F9911

12. Dewan290-F9912

13. Dewan290-F9913

14. Dewan290-F9914

15. Dewan290-F9915

16. Dewan290-F9916

17. Dewan290-F9917

18. Dewan290-F9918

19. Dewan290-F9919 Traditional Collaborative Applications File save User 1User 2 load Mail send User 2 receive Talk hi hello User 2 User 1 hi hello Implicit Comm. Artifact-based Polling Asynchronous Explicit Comm. Private Messages Auto Notification Asynchronous Implicit Comm. Session-based Auto Notification Synchronous

20. Dewan290-F9920 Implicit & Explicit Comm. Artifact-based Session-based Synchronous & Asynchronous Session-based Explicit Messages Artifact-based Private Messages Implicit Comm. Artifact-based Session-based Synchronous Novel Collaborative Applications File++ Mail++ Talk++ File + Mail Talk + Mail File + Mail + Talk Talk + File

21. Dewan290-F9921

22. Dewan290-F9922 MaryJohn MUDs: Textual Virtual Reality Say Hi everyone Emote smiles Whisper “Boring” to Joe You whisper, “Boring” to Joe @who Name ConnectIdle Time Time John has entered the room (hear footsteps) You say, “Hi everyone” John says, “Hi everyone” You smile John smiles Look John Move John to public place Change John’s description John’s textual description Disallow John whisper Disallow John from this room (Wizard)

23. Dewan290-F9923 Video Walls: Video-based Virtual Reality Camera & Microphone Screen & Speaker Camera & Microphone Room 1Room 2 Screen & Speaker

24. Dewan290-F9924 Media Space Room 2Room 4 Map

25. Dewan290-F9925 Hydra: Gaze Awareness Figure originally appears in [5].

26. Dewan290-F9926 6.1.7. MAJIC: Real-Life with Seamless User Boundaries Figure originally appears in [36]

27. Dewan290-F9927 Session DIVE: Navigation- based VR Application User 2 User 1 User 3 User 4 Aura Supports Unintended Collaboration Non intrusive

28. Dewan290-F9928 Hallway Model

29. Dewan290-F9929 Gesture Cam: Remote Surrogate Figure originally appears in [30]

30. Dewan290-F9930 Gesture Cam: Architecture Figure Originally appears in [30]

31. Dewan290-F9931 Colab. PsyBench

32. Dewan290-F9932 PSyBench

33. Dewan290-F9933 Psy Bench Architecture

34. Dewan290-F9934 In Touch

35. Dewan290-F9935 In Touch Architecture

36. Dewan290-F9936

37. Dewan290-F9937 Information Lens: Typed Messages Subject: …. Type: Exam Change Notice Semi-structured typed messages Messages NoticesRequests Room Change Notice Exam Change Notice Exam Change Request Class Absence Request Type Hierarchy Joe Absence 14 Exam Change Type-based filtering Notices

38. Dewan290-F9938 Notes Mail Category 1 2/24/99 Main message 1 (John Smith, responses) 2/25/99 Response 1 (Mary Lowe, 1 response) 2/26/96 Response 2 (Joe Doe) Category 2 2/24/96 Main message 2 (Mary Lowe, 1 response) Doe, Joe 1. 2/26/99 Response 2 (re. Main message 1) Lowe, Mary 1. 2/24/99 Main message 2 2. 2/26/96 Response 2 (Joe Doe) By Category By Author

39. Dewan290-F9939 Coordinator: Structured Conversation Customer Producer Request (response, completion, alert dates) Acknowledge Agree Interim-Report/Cancel/New-Promise Report-Completion Satisfaction Automation of form fields alerts, reminders status information CustomerProducer RequestAgree Satisfaction Complete

40. Dewan290-F9940 Action Workflow Status By Candidate Workflow Step Manage Review Director Manager Director Manager 2 Schedule Interview 14 3 Director Manager Declare Assessment 9 8 10 7 Manager Technical Directors Submit Evaluation Form 5 6

41. Dewan290-F9941 ATOMICMAIL: Computational Mail Data Program Mail Receiver display/animate graphics gather data and mail Lisp-based PL Single Directory Accessed File Creation Limited Mail Messages Limited

42. Dewan290-F9942

43. Dewan290-F9943 Quilt: Writeable Typed Hypermedia Revisions Suggestions Public comments Private messages Other Document Creation time Creator Logging Machine Level (Insert-Char) User- Level (Reorganized Section 2) Roles Reader < Commenter < Co-Author Triggers Alert significant changes Colab Styles Author modifies owned section Co-author modifies all Designated editor modifies all Artifact = Document + Colab. Info.

44. Dewan290-F9944 PREP: Zero-Cost Hyperlinks Main textAlice’s comments Benu’s com ments Chou’s com ments Para 1 Para 2

45. Dewan290-F9945 IBIS: Structured Issue Resolution *I: Which processor should be used ?P: Processor A AS: Fast *P: Processor B AS: Cheap, already in use -P: Processor C AS: Cheap & fast AO: Will not be available in time Resolved issue Unresolved position Argument Supporting Current position Rejected position Argument objecting Artifact = Colab. Info.

46. Dewan290-F9946 6.1.19. CLARE: Structured Discussion + Process Model RESRA (Representation Schema of Research Artifacts) Figure originally appears in [39]

47. Dewan290-F9947 CLARE: Structured Discussion + Process Model SECAI (Summarization, Evaluation, Comparison, Argumentation) Figure originally appears in [39]

48. Dewan290-F9948

49. Dewan290-F9949 RTCAL: Real-Time Artifact Sharing Application Commands Regular User Chair Conference Control Commands join, leave get floor, release floor, terminate Application Commands Proposal: 10am Vote: Yes Proposal: 10am Vote: No Public Appts Private Appts Public Appts Topic, Participants Chair, Controller Awareness

50. Dewan290-F9950 GROVE: Access-Controlled Views Outline Title 1. Readable and writeable item 1.1 Also readable and writeable *.Shared readable and writeable *.* Shared readable User 2User 3User 4 Outline Title 1.Readable and writeable item 1.1 Also readable and writeable 1.2 Another public item *.* Different shared item User 1User 3User 4 User 1User 2 Independent Scrolling Incremental Sharing No Concurrency Control User and State Awareness Fine-grained Access Control public, shared, private read, write rights

51. Dewan290-F9951 Central Host Host 1 Host 2 CES: Delayed Commitment & Tickle Locks Document Root Text Node Owner User 1 Text Node Owner User 2 Sharing of Committed Results Implicit Commit Del/CR Tickle Locks Version Stack

52. Dewan290-F9952 GroupDraw: Virtual Gestures & Optimistic Locks User 2 Implicit Locking/Unlocking Optimistic Locking Fine-grained CC & AC Uncoupled Scrollbars & Palettes Coupled Graphical Objects User 1 Multiuser Scrollbar & Gestalt Viewer

53. Dewan290-F9953 Pebbles: Single-Display Groupware * +

54. Dewan290-F9954 6.1.25. Clearboard: Face to face Awareness Figure available from http://ishii.www.media.mit.edu/people/ishii/CB.html.

55. Dewan290-F9955 Clearboard: Architecture Figure first appeared in [26]

56. Dewan290-F9956 TeamWorkstation: Integrated Desktop & Computer Awareness Figure available at http://ishii.www.media.mit.edu/people/ishii/TWS.html

57. Dewan290-F9957 Editing paper xxxx yyyyy TELE-SCREEN

58. Dewan290-F9958 Editing paper xxxx yyyyy TELE-DESK

59. Dewan290-F9959 Editing paper xxxx yyyyy SCREEN-OVERLAY

60. Dewan290-F9960 Editing paper xxxx yyyyy DESK-OVERLAY

61. Dewan290-F9961 SCREEN & DESK-OVERLAY Editing paper xxxx yyyyy

62. Dewan290-F9962 Editing paper xxxx yyyyy COMPUTER-SHARING

63. Dewan290-F9963

64. Dewan290-F9964

65. Dewan290-F9965 Message M Message 1 Message 2 News: Shared Mailboxes SendReceive User 2 User 1 User N User 1 User N

66. Dewan290-F9966 News: Scaleable Architecture News Client eventual delivery of immutable messages post news News Server exchange news read news

67. Dewan290-F9967 Message/News Filtering Agent-based –Newsgroup –Discussion Thread –Urgent Message –Sender Cost –Strings in Messages –Message Length –Spell Checking –Included Messages Rating-based –Moderator –Known Reviewers –Anonymous Reviewers

68. Dewan290-F9968

69. Dewan290-F9969 Group Lens News Client News Server post news read news Better Bit Bureau send rating post rating Modified News Client get rating read rating Filterbot (Rating Agent) read news send rating

70. Dewan290-F9970 Evaluating Aggregation-based Filtering Coverage –Measures % of time predications are available Statistical Accuracy –Measures how computed rating deviates from actual rating –Disproportionately higher weight to large deviation Decision Support Accuracy –Probability random “good” item rejected by system –Probablility random “bad” item accepted by system

71. Dewan290-F9971 Experiments Coverage, Decision Making Accuracy

72. Dewan290-F9972 Mercury: Automatic Asynchronous Error Notification module A export T type T = char User 1 Module B import T v: T = ‘a’ User 2 Edit T Asynchronous Error notification Buffered Notifications module A export T type T = String

73. Dewan290-F9973 GroupDesk: Automatic Customizable Awareness Notification Relations: Owner Events: Modification Interested Users: Alice, Benu Relation ClassesObject ClassesEvent Classes Similar-to Document Modification Version-of Object Comment Added can establish can raise Interest Context

74. Dewan290-F9974

75. Dewan290-F9975 6.1.35. IRI: Distance Learning Environment Figure available at http://www.cs.odu.edu/~tele/iri.