1. Ch 10: Helping Behaviors Part 2: Nov. 10, 2010

2. Situational Influences on Helping Effect of crowds: The Bystander Effect – Research on this began w/Kitty Genovese murder in 1964 in NYC Details of the incident? How did bystanders react?

3. Darley & Latane’s follow-up experiments: Confederate appear to have seizure …either alone, with 1 other participant, or 4 other participants What is ‘Diffusion of Responsibility’?

4. – Obstacles to helping in these situations? Noticing Interpreting – Shotland’s research on intervening in male-female assaults – The role of pluralistic ignorance Responsibility Deciding how to help – Recent bystander research:

5. Other situational influences on helping: – Rural/Urban areas: – Culture: – Role modeling:

6. Who gets helped? The roles of attractiveness & responsibility: Gender:

7. Increasing Helping – Note that people do not always want help Increasing helping among bystanders - More research on ‘positive psychology’ - Avoid the overjustification effect – – Issue among volunteer orgs: