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Fossil Fuels Coal Petroleum Oil Natural Gas
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Coal Primarily used for heat (25%) and electricity generation (75%) 40% of world’s electricity (25% of NW electricity) Reserves estimated to by 10 15 kg (Over 100,000 x 10 15 BTU) (300 yrs at current rate) Fastest growing energy source in the world
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Coal Formation Terrestrial plant remains Solar energy trapped by photosynthesis
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Peat
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Coal Lignite Bituminous Coal Anthracite Peat Increasing Temperature and Pressure Increase Carbon Content: Cleaner Burning
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Coal Deposits
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Coal Extraction Strip Mine Underground
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Petroleum Gaseous & Liquid Fossil Fuels Hydrocarbons: 1.C-H bonds contain a lot of energy 2.Versatile 3.Relatively easy to extract (as crude oil) 4.Refined Heavy Light
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Uses Ink ハ Dishwashing liquids ハ Paint brushes ハ Telephones ハ Toys ハ Unbreakable dishes ハ Insecticides ハ Antiseptics ハ Dolls ハ Car sound insulation ハ Fishing lures ハ Deodorant ハ Tires ハ Motorcycle helmets ハ Linoleum ハ Sweaters ハ Tents ハ Refrigerator linings ハ Paint rollers ハ Floor wax ハ Shoes ハ Electrician's tape ハ Plastic wood ハ Model Car Glue ハ Roller-skate wheels ハ Trash bags ハ Soap dishes ハ Skis ハ Permanent press clothes ハ Hand lotion ハ Clothesline ハ Dyes ハ Soft contact lenses ハ Shampoo ハ Panty hose ハ Cameras ハ Food preservatives ハ Fishing rods ハ Oil filters ハ Combs ハ Transparent tape ハ Anesthetics ハ Upholstery ハ Dice ハ Disposable diapers ハ TV cabinets ハ Cassettes ハ Mops ハ Sports car bodies ハ Salad bowls ハ House paint ハ Purses ハ Electric blankets ハ Awnings ハ Ammonia ハ Dresses ハ Car battery cases ハ Safety glass ハ Hair curlers ハ Pajamas ハ Synthetic rubber ハ VCR tapes ハ Eyeglasses ハ Pillows ハ Vitamin capsules ハ Movie film ハ Ice chests ハ Candles ハ Rubbing alcohol ハ Loudspeakers ハ Ice buckets ハ Boats ハ Ice cube trays ハ Credit cards ハ Fertilizers ハ Crayons ハ Insect repellent ハ Water pipes ハ Toilet seats ハ Caulking ハ Roofing shingles ハ Fishing boots ハ Life jackets ハ Balloons ハ Shower curtains ハ Garden hose ハ Golf balls ハ Curtains ハ Plywood adhesive ハ Umbrellas ハ Detergents ハ Milk jugs ハ Beach umbrellas ハ Rubber cement ハ Sun glasses ハ Putty ハ Faucet washers ハ Cold cream ハ Bandages ハ Tool racks ハ Antihistamines ハ Hair coloring ハ Nail polish ハ Slacks ハ Drinking cups ハ Guitar strings ハ False teeth ハ Yarn ハ Petroleum jelly ハ Toothpaste ハ Golf bags ハ Roofing ハ Tennis rackets ハ Toothbrushes ハ Perfume ハ Luggage ハ Wire insulation ハ Folding doors ハ Shoe polish ハ Fan belts ハ Ballpoint pens ハ Shower doors ハ Cortisone ハ Carpeting ハ Artificial turf ハ Heart valves ハ LP records ハ Lipstick ハ Artificial limbs ハ Hearing aids ハ Vaporizers ハ Aspirin ハ Shaving cream ハ Wading pools ハ Parachutes ハ Asphalt…and fuel (gas, propane, etc.)
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Edwin Drake: Titusville, PA (1859)
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“Rock Oil” replaced… …Whale Oil. Currier & Ives
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Oil Formation 1. Source Rock Shallow Ocean Foram
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Oil Formation 1. Source Rock 0°C 100°C Organics (Forams, etc.) Kerogen Tar, Paraffin, Wax Crude Oil Natural Gas Smaller, simpler compounds
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Oil Formation 2. Reservoir Rock 1. Source Rock
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Oil Formation 2. Reservoir Rock 3. Cap Rock 1. Source Rock Oil Traps
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Oil Formation 2. Reservoir Rock No Cap Rock 1. Source Rock Tar Pits Most oil eventually escapes: Mostly in “younger” rocks
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Oil Formation 2. Reservoir Rock 3. Cap Rock 1. Source Rock
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Oil Field Los Angeles
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L.A. Oil
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Oil Consumption
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Petroleum Deposits
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Oil Imports
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Peak Oil & Hubbert’s Peak
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World Discoveries
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Difference Between New Oil Discoveries and Consumption
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World Peak Oil
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Oil Reserves/Resources
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Is there more Oil?
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