1. Introduction to Artifical Intelligence Jitendra Malik U.C. Berkeley Jitendra Malik U.C. Berkeley

2. BRAIN

3. Imaging the Brain

4. Some facts… 100 Billion neurons On average, connected to 1 K others Neurons are slow. Firing rates < 100 Hz. Can be classified into –Sensory –Motor –Central 100 Billion neurons On average, connected to 1 K others Neurons are slow. Firing rates < 100 Hz. Can be classified into –Sensory –Motor –Central

5. Sensory Systems Vision (nearly 30-50% ) Audition (nearly 10%) Somatic Chemical –Taste –Olfaction Vision (nearly 30-50% ) Audition (nearly 10%) Somatic Chemical –Taste –Olfaction

6. Motor Systems Locomotion Manipulation Speech Locomotion Manipulation Speech

7. Central Systems Reasoning and problem solving Language …….. Reasoning and problem solving Language ……..

8. NEURON

9. Trends in biological and machine brain evolution Hans Moravec: ROBOT

10. Moravec’s argument 1 neuron = 1000 instructions/sec 1 synapse = 1 byte of information Human brain then processes 10^14 IPS and has 10^14 bytes of storage In 2000, we have 10^9 IPS and 10^9 bytes on a desktop machine In 25 years, assuming Moore’s law we obtain human level computing power 1 neuron = 1000 instructions/sec 1 synapse = 1 byte of information Human brain then processes 10^14 IPS and has 10^14 bytes of storage In 2000, we have 10^9 IPS and 10^9 bytes on a desktop machine In 25 years, assuming Moore’s law we obtain human level computing power

15. How Intelligence could have begun… V. Braitenberg: Vehicles, Experiments in Synthetic Psychology

16. Agents and Environments

18. Reflex agent with state

19. Goal-oriented agent

20. Utility-based agent