1. Tim Clark Harvard Medical School & Massachusetts General Hospital September 14, 2011 Copyright 2011 Massachusetts General Hospital. All rights reserved. Recoupling Data & Information in Bioscience

2. 2 “... a cubic millimeter chunk of the brain would comprise about 1 petabyte of data (at a 5- nanometer resolution)...” —McFedries, P (2011) The Coming Data Deluge. IEEE Spectrum Feb 2011 Data Deluge?or Publications Deluge?

3. …[we] parked our egos and intellectual-property noses outside the door and agreed that all of our data would be public immediately.” John Trojanowski, MD, PhD U Penn Medical School Sharing of Data Leads to Progress on Alzheimer’s, NY Times, 12 Aug 2010 *[rare event] Trojanowski: “It was unbelieveable,...*

4. A little history printing c. 1450 Scientifi c Journal 1665 GPO 1660 IBM S/360 InternetWeb 19641980s1991 print culture Web culture =

5. A table of data from Philos Trans R Soc Lond 1(4):56

6. “virtual witnessing”c.1665 Social Studies of Science, Vol. 14, No. 4. (Nov., 1984), pp. 481-520.

7. “virtual witnessing” c. 2011

8. CAUTION: contains rhetoric - do not remove* *actual data may not be included

9. Core Pattern argument, claim, terminology, evidence

10. swande:Claim Intramembranous Aβ behaves as chaperones of other membrane proteins G1 G5 rdf:type dct:title pav:contributedBy swanrel:referencesAsSupportiveEvidence G6 Ciccarese-Groth Nanopublications Model

11.  Deposit results data in a persistent store  Data should be independently citable  Assign unique data repository identifier  Data should be contextualized in publication  Core metadata available  Metadata compatible with bio-ontologies Re-coupling data and information