1. Biological and Catalytic Conversion of Biomass to Biofuels and Chemicals Jingguang Chen Chemical Engineering

2. 200 nm McCann et al. 1990 J. Cell Sci. 96, 323-334 Molecular Architecture of Plant Cell Walls (lignocellulosic biomass)

3. Lignin and Cellulose Molecules 3 Average molecular composition, soft maple lignin: CH 1.2 O 0.27 –Cellulose composition: CH 1.7 O 0.83 Up to 30% of the mass of wood, and 40% of the energy content Wood processing plants produce 50 million tons of lignin waste annually Holladay et al. “Top Value-Added Chemicals from Biomass: Volume II- Results of Screening Potential Candidates from Biorefinery Lignin.” Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. October 2007.

4. Converting Biomass Using Biorefinery Concept R. Agrawal and N. Singh, AIChE Journal, 55, 1898 (2009)

5. Biological Conversion of Cellulose to Biofuel McCann et al.

6. Chemistry of Biodiesel Source: Gerpen, J. V. (2005). "Biodiesel Processing and Production." Fuel Processing Technology 86: 1097-1107.

8. Hierarchical Multiscale Materials Multiscale Modeling Characterization techniques ChemicalsCatalytic Fast PyrolysisDirect Carbon FCs Technological Platform Crosscutting Research Thrust Reaction Pathways, Kinetics, Structure-Property Relationships Science Process Innovation, Optimization Processing UD Energy Frontier Research Center Reforming

9. Thermal Conversion of Lignin to Jet Fuel 9 Huber, GW. “Catalysis for Production of JP-8 Range Molecules from Lignocellulosic Biomass.” 12 March 2009. UD collaborators: Prof. Lobo, Chemical Engineering

10. Thermochemical Transformation of Lignocellulosic Biomass  Traditional paths entail high temperatures and suffer from carbon  CPOX forms no carbon Biomass Pyrolysis High T Oil Char Tar Fuel Cat. upgrade Syngas Char Gasification Methanol Synfuel CPOX Syngas Very high T

11. 3 mm CPOX of Cellulose Dauenhauer (UMass) and Schmidt (UMN)

12. Catalytic Conversion of Cellulose to Chemicals Conversion of cellulose to ethylene glycol on Ni-WC & Ni-W 2 C: Na et al. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. (2008); Catalysis Today (2009)