1. Ontology Properties and Paraphrase

2. Properties Properties are “that which is said of a subject”. Socrates is wise (the property of wisdom) The professor is tall (the property of tallness) Ryan is the father of Benjamin (the two-place property being smarter than).

3. Properties The professor is tall INSTANTIATES TALLNESS

4. The Argument for Properties 1) Wisdom (the property of being wise) is had by Socrates. 2) If (1), then there is a property (of being wise) and it is had by Socrates. 3) [So] There is a property (of being wise) and it is had by Socrates. 4) [So] There is a property.

5. The Argument Against Properties 1) If there are properties, then (a) there are Platonic Universals or (b) there are Aristotelian Universals. 2) If (a), then something can exist outside of space and time. 3) If (b), then something can exist in more than one place at a time. 4) Nothing can exist outside of space and time or in more than one place at a time. 5) [So] There are no properties.

6. Paraphrase 1.Wisdom is had by Socrates. 2.Plato and Socrates have wisdom in common. 3.Plato and Socrates have something in common. 4.Humility is a virtue.

7. Paraphrase (1) Wisdom is had by Socrates. (1*) Socrates is wise. (2) Plato and Socrates have wisdom in common. (2*) Plato is wise and Socrates is wise.

8. Paraphrase (2) Plato and Socrates have wisdom in common. (2*) Plato is wise and Socrates is wise. (3) Plato and Socrates have something in common. (3*) Plato is and Socrates is.

9. Paraphrase (3) Plato and Socrates have something in common. (3**) There are some things; Plato and Socrates are among them. (2) Plato and Socrates have wisdom in common. (2**) There are some wise things; Plato and Socrates are among them.

10. Paraphrase (4) Humility is a virtue. (4*) Everyone that is humble is virtuous. (4**) ???

11. Paraphrase (5) Red is more like orange than blue. (5*) ???

12. The Argument Against Properties 1) If there are properties, then (a) there are Platonic Universals or (b) there are Aristotelian Universals. 2) If (a), then something can exist outside of space and time. 3) If (b), then something can exist in more than one place at a time. 4) Nothing can exist outside of space and time or in more than one place at a time. 5) [So] There are no properties.