1. MYRISTICACEAE

2. Current Angiosperm Phylogeny Group Tree for Flowering Plants 2010 magnoliids monocots

3. Magnoliales and the relations of the Myristicaceae (APG)

4. Key characters for the Myristicaceae branches in whorls of four branched hairs reddish resin in bark reduced, fused perianth one-seeded dehiscent berry with aril

8. Virola – four- branch whorls

10. Virola –neotropical; glaucous below and covered with branched hairs, fruits typical of the family

11. Virola --- branched hairs (again)

13. Epicatechin (an antioxidant) is the key component of Virola resin The red “sap” of the Myristicaceae Is a water-soluble flow from wounds that includes an ethenol-soluble resin…

14. EFFECTS OF VIROLA SNUFF are felt within minutes from the time of initial use. First there is a feeling of increasing excitability. This is followed by a numbness of the limbs, a twitching of the face, a lack of muscular coordination, nasal discharges, nausea, and, frequently, vomiting. Macropsia - the sensation of seeing things greatly enlarged - is characteristic and enters into Waika beliefs about the spirits resident in the drug Richard Evans Schultes

15. 5-MeO-DMT a tryptamine alkaloid from Virola serotonin, the neurotransmitter trytamine alkaloid backbone

16. Myristica- the nutmeg --- imperfect, incomplete flowers with fusion

17. Myristica fragrans - nutmeg and mace

18. Myristica dispersed by pigeons in the genus Ducula - and in the past by dodos.

19. essential oils in Myristica, the nutmeg

21. Present-day Climatic Regions HumidEquatorialForest Arid Semi-aridTemperate WarmTemperate WarmerTemperate Semi-aridtropical

22. Upper Cretaceous HumidEquatorialForest Arid Semi-aridTemperate WarmTemperate WarmerTemperate Semi-aridtropical

23. Mid Eocene HumidEquatorialForest Arid Semi-aridTemperate WarmTemperate WarmerTemperate Semi-aridtropical

24. Oligocene HumidEquatorialForest Arid Semi-aridTemperate WarmTemperate WarmerTemperate Semi-aridtropical

25. End of Miocene HumidEquatorialForest Arid Semi-aridTemperate WarmTemperate WarmerTemperate Semi-aridtropical

26. Pleistocene HumidEquatorialForest Arid Semi-aridTemperate WarmTemperate WarmerTemperate Semi-aridtropical

27. Present-day Climatic Regions HumidEquatorialForest Arid Semi-aridTemperate WarmTemperate WarmerTemperate Semi-aridtropical