1. Scientific literacy- Module II, April 10, 2008 1.Jim Kennedy - Example of critical review of a paper Cobo et al, 2007 Sensitivity and specificity of culture and PCR of smegma samples of bulls experimentally infected with Tritrichomonas foetus, Theriogenology, 68:853-860. 2. Dave Smith – Perspectives on scientific method 3.Jim Keen - Results of your scientific literacy expectations - Critical review of scientific literature guidelines - Research Projects * Crafting a literature review * Searching the lit – PubMed, Agricola, Google, Google Scholar * Review of project suggestions from Module I * New project suggestions since Module I * Choose your project and sign up

2. Your expectations for scientific literacy section 1. How to evaluate veterinary, scientific or product literature - Study design correct? Stats correct? Conclusions valid? - How do I critically evaluate product trials? Detect false results? - How do I rapidly assess a paper? - How do I assess clinical (vs statistical) significance from an article 2. Numeracy (=numerical literacy) - How do I convert numbers into data, and data into useful information - How do I use/analyze/interpret data that I gather in my practice or job? - What are some easy data gathering and analysis tools? - Can you provide me some straight forward biostatistics training 3. Practical epi - How can I catalog articles so I can find and use the information later - How do I run a quality trial, gather the data, interpret it, report it - How do I investigate herd outbreaks (morbidity, mortality) - How do I evaluate and interpret production data and herd records - How do I use herd records to make management decisions

3. How should we read a scientific paper? Title Author(s) Abstract/Conclusions Materials and methods Objectives Data/ supporting evidence Outcomes Conclusions RELEVANCE QUALITY

4. Determining relevance of an article (from DL Sackett) Look at the TITLE – Interesting or Useful? Review the AUTHORS – Good track record? Consider the SITE – Potentially applicable? Read the SUMMARY – Potentially useful? Has RELEVANCE, so Critically Review YES NO Not relevant, so go to the next paper

5. Scientific literacy – Oral presentations Clinical epidemiology scientific paper review - Pairs of participants will identify, read, evaluate & lead discussion of a scientific paper of their choosing - Two papers will be discussed during each of the remaining five modules - All participants will read and discuss the papers - Guidelines for evaluation to be provided - Mentors will do first paper on during Module 2 OR Vet epi or public health in the news - Pairs of participants will trace the original source of an article in the popular press - The popular vs original messages will be compared

6. Conducting a literature search - PubMed (National Library of Medicine) - Agricola (National Agriculture Library) - Google - Google Scholar

7. Scientific literacy - research projects 1 Participatory clinical epidemiology – gain experience - Journey not destination is important 2 Evidence Based Vet Med 3 Try to answer questions of personal interest or relevance 4Small group of up to four persons 5Often clinical or field trial 6KISS – Keep it simple 7 “Need to know” vs “nice to know”